PURPOSE: To describe in detail the central retinal structure of a large group of patients with choroideremia (CHM). DESIGN: A prospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study. PARTICIPANTS: Patients (n = 97, age 6-71 years) with CHM and subjects with normal vision (n = 44; ages 10-50 years) were included. METHODS: Subjects were examined with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) and near-infrared reflectance imaging. Visual acuity (VA) was measured during their encounter or obtained from recent ophthalmic examinations. Visual thresholds were measured in a subset of patients (n = 24) with automated static perimetry within the central regions (±15°) examined with SD OCT. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Visual acuity and visual thresholds; total nuclear layer, inner nuclear layer (INL), and outer nuclear layer (ONL) thicknesses; and horizontal extent of the ONL and the photoreceptor outer segment (POS) interdigitation zone (IZ). RESULTS: Earliest abnormalities in regions with normally appearing retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) were the loss of the POS and ellipsoid zone associated with rod dysfunction. Transition zones (TZs) from relatively preserved retina to severe ONL thinning and inner retinal thickening moved centripetally with age. Most patients (88%) retained VAs better than 20/40 until their fifth decade of life. The VA decline coincided with migration of the TZ near the foveal center. There were outer retinal tubulations in degenerated, nonatrophic retina in the majority (69%) of patients. In general, RPE abnormalities paralleled photoreceptor degeneration, although there were regions with detectable but abnormally thin ONL co-localizing with severe RPE depigmentation and choroidal thinning. CONCLUSIONS: Abnormalities of the POS and rod dysfunction are the earliest central abnormalities observed in CHM. Foveal function is relatively preserved until the fifth decade of life. Migration of the TZs to the foveal center with foveal thinning and structural disorganization heralded central VA loss. The relationships established may help outline the eligibility criteria and outcome measures for clinical trials for CHM.
PURPOSE: To describe in detail the central retinal structure of a large group of patients with choroideremia (CHM). DESIGN: A prospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study. PARTICIPANTS: Patients (n = 97, age 6-71 years) with CHM and subjects with normal vision (n = 44; ages 10-50 years) were included. METHODS: Subjects were examined with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) and near-infrared reflectance imaging. Visual acuity (VA) was measured during their encounter or obtained from recent ophthalmic examinations. Visual thresholds were measured in a subset of patients (n = 24) with automated static perimetry within the central regions (±15°) examined with SD OCT. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Visual acuity and visual thresholds; total nuclear layer, inner nuclear layer (INL), and outer nuclear layer (ONL) thicknesses; and horizontal extent of the ONL and the photoreceptor outer segment (POS) interdigitation zone (IZ). RESULTS: Earliest abnormalities in regions with normally appearing retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) were the loss of the POS and ellipsoid zone associated with rod dysfunction. Transition zones (TZs) from relatively preserved retina to severe ONL thinning and inner retinal thickening moved centripetally with age. Most patients (88%) retained VAs better than 20/40 until their fifth decade of life. The VA decline coincided with migration of the TZ near the foveal center. There were outer retinal tubulations in degenerated, nonatrophic retina in the majority (69%) of patients. In general, RPE abnormalities paralleled photoreceptor degeneration, although there were regions with detectable but abnormally thin ONL co-localizing with severe RPE depigmentation and choroidal thinning. CONCLUSIONS:Abnormalities of the POS and rod dysfunction are the earliest central abnormalities observed in CHM. Foveal function is relatively preserved until the fifth decade of life. Migration of the TZs to the foveal center with foveal thinning and structural disorganization heralded central VA loss. The relationships established may help outline the eligibility criteria and outcome measures for clinical trials for CHM.
Authors: Alice Yang Zhang; Naveen Mysore; Hojatollah Vali; Jamie Koenekoop; Sang Ni Cao; Shen Li; Huanan Ren; Vafa Keser; Irma Lopez-Solache; Sorath Noorani Siddiqui; Ayesha Khan; Jeannie Mui; Kelly Sears; Jim Dixon; Jeremy Schwartzentruber; Jacek Majewski; Nancy Braverman; Robert K Koenekoop Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2015-12 Impact factor: 4.799
Authors: Jessica I W Morgan; Grace Han; Eva Klinman; William M Maguire; Daniel C Chung; Albert M Maguire; Jean Bennett Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2014-09-04 Impact factor: 4.799
Authors: Jacque L Duncan; Tomas S Aleman; Leigh M Gardner; Elaine De Castro; Daniel A Marks; Jessica M Emmons; Michelle L Bieber; Janet D Steinberg; Jean Bennett; Edwin M Stone; Ian M MacDonald; Artur V Cideciyan; Maureen G Maguire; Samuel G Jacobson Journal: Exp Eye Res Date: 2002-03 Impact factor: 3.467
Authors: Thomas L Edwards; Jasleen K Jolly; Markus Groppe; Alun R Barnard; Charles L Cottriall; Tanya Tolmachova; Graeme C Black; Andrew R Webster; Andrew J Lotery; Graham E Holder; Kanmin Xue; Susan M Downes; Matthew P Simunovic; Miguel C Seabra; Robert E MacLaren Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2016-04-27 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Robert E MacLaren; Markus Groppe; Alun R Barnard; Charles L Cottriall; Tanya Tolmachova; Len Seymour; K Reed Clark; Matthew J During; Frans P M Cremers; Graeme C M Black; Andrew J Lotery; Susan M Downes; Andrew R Webster; Miguel C Seabra Journal: Lancet Date: 2014-01-16 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: William S Tuten; Grace K Vergilio; Gloria J Young; Jean Bennett; Albert M Maguire; Tomas S Aleman; David H Brainard; Jessica I W Morgan Journal: Ophthalmol Retina Date: 2019-05-08
Authors: Liangbo L Shen; Aneesha Ahluwalia; Mengyuan Sun; Benjamin K Young; Holly K Grossetta Nardini; Lucian V Del Priore Journal: Ophthalmol Retina Date: 2020-03-14
Authors: Akosua A Nti; Leona W Serrano; Harpal S Sandhu; Katherine E Uyhazi; Ilaina D Edelstein; Elaine J Zhou; Scott Bowman; Delu Song; Tara C Gangadhar; Lynn M Schuchter; Sheryl Mitnick; Alexander Huang; Charles W Nichols; Ravi K Amaravadi; Benjamin J Kim; Tomas S Aleman Journal: Retina Date: 2019-03 Impact factor: 4.256
Authors: Abdullah A Al-Qahtani; Shakoor Ba-Ali; Talal Alabduljalil; Aaron S Coyner; Rachel C Patel; Richard G Weleber; Aniz Girach; Søren K Christensen; Michael Larsen; Mark E Pennesi; Paul Yang Journal: Retina Date: 2018-09 Impact factor: 4.256
Authors: Alexandra V Garafalo; Artur V Cideciyan; Elise Héon; Rebecca Sheplock; Alexander Pearson; Caberry WeiYang Yu; Alexander Sumaroka; Gustavo D Aguirre; Samuel G Jacobson Journal: Prog Retin Eye Res Date: 2019-12-30 Impact factor: 21.198