Khalid El Bairi1,2, Abdul Hafeez Kandhro3, Adel Gouri4, Wafaa Mahfoud5, Noureddine Louanjli6, Brahim Saadani7, Said Afqir8, Mariam Amrani9. 1. Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Oujda, Morocco. k.elbairi@ump.ac.ma. 2. Independent Research Team in Cancer Biology and Bioactive Compounds, Mohammed 1st University, Oujda, Morocco. k.elbairi@ump.ac.ma. 3. Department of Biochemistry, Healthcare Molecular and Diagnostic Laboratory, Hyderabad, Pakistan. 4. Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Annaba, Algeria. 5. Laboratory of Biology and Health, URAC-34, Faculty of Science Ben Msik, University Hassan II, Mohammedia, Casablanca, Morocco. 6. Labomac IVF Centers and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Casablanca, Morocco. 7. IVF center IRIFIV, Clinique des Iris, Casablanca, Morocco. 8. Department of Medical Oncology, Mohamed 1st University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco. 9. Equipe de Recherche ONCOGYMA, Faculty of Medicine, Pathology Department, National Institute of Oncology, Université Mohamed V, Rabat, Morocco.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In spite of various treatment options currently available, ovarian cancer (OC) still remains a leading cause of death in women world-wide. Diagnosis at an early stage is one of the most important factors that determines survival. Current clinical diagnostic tools have, however, a limited efficacy in early OC detection. Therefore, there is a critical need for new (early) diagnostic biomarkers and tools. Through advances in genomic, proteomic and metabolomic techniques, several novel molecular OC biomarkers have recently been identified. These biomarkers are currently subject to validation. In addition, integration of genomic, proteomic and metabolomic data, in conjunction with epidemiologic and clinical data, is considered essential for obtaining useful results. Interesting recent work has already shown that specific diagnostic biomarkers, such as BRCA mutations, may have profound therapeutic implications. Here, we review the current state of OC research through literature and database searches, with a focus on various recently identified biomarkers via different technologies for the (early) diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of OC. CONCLUSIONS: Multi-biomarker panels accompanied by a meticulous determination of their sensitivity and specificity, as well their validation, using multivariate analyses will be critical for its clinical application, including early OC detection and tailor-made OC treatment.
BACKGROUND: In spite of various treatment options currently available, ovarian cancer (OC) still remains a leading cause of death in women world-wide. Diagnosis at an early stage is one of the most important factors that determines survival. Current clinical diagnostic tools have, however, a limited efficacy in early OC detection. Therefore, there is a critical need for new (early) diagnostic biomarkers and tools. Through advances in genomic, proteomic and metabolomic techniques, several novel molecular OC biomarkers have recently been identified. These biomarkers are currently subject to validation. In addition, integration of genomic, proteomic and metabolomic data, in conjunction with epidemiologic and clinical data, is considered essential for obtaining useful results. Interesting recent work has already shown that specific diagnostic biomarkers, such as BRCA mutations, may have profound therapeutic implications. Here, we review the current state of OC research through literature and database searches, with a focus on various recently identified biomarkers via different technologies for the (early) diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of OC. CONCLUSIONS: Multi-biomarker panels accompanied by a meticulous determination of their sensitivity and specificity, as well their validation, using multivariate analyses will be critical for its clinical application, including early OC detection and tailor-made OC treatment.
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