Davidson H Hamer1, Kira A Barbre1, Lin H Chen1, Martin P Grobusch1, Patricia Schlagenhauf1, Abraham Goorhuis1, Perry J J van Genderen1, Israel Molina1, Hilmir Asgeirsson1, Phyllis E Kozarsky1, Eric Caumes1, Stefan H Hagmann1, Frank P Mockenhaupt1, Gilles Eperon1, Elizabeth D Barnett1, Emmanuel Bottieau1, Andrea K Boggild1, Philippe Gautret1, Noreen A Hynes1, Susan Kuhn1, R Ryan Lash1, Karin Leder1, Michael Libman1, Denis J M Malvy1, Cecilia Perret1, Camilla Rothe1, Eli Schwartz1, Annelies Wilder-Smith1, Martin S Cetron1, Douglas H Esposito1. 1. From Boston University School of Public Health, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, Massachusetts; University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; University of Zürich Centre for Travel Medicine, WHO Collaborating Centre for Travellers' Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, Zürich, Switzerland; Harbor Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, PROSICS Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, UPMC University, Paris, France; Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Bronx, New York; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, and Public Health Ontario Laboratories, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France; Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, and the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; and Umeå University, Umea, Sweden.
Abstract
Background: Zika virus has spread rapidly in the Americas and has been imported into many nonendemic countries by travelers. Objective: To describe clinical manifestations and epidemiology of Zika virus disease in travelers exposed in the Americas. Design: Descriptive, using GeoSentinel records. Setting: 63 travel and tropical medicine clinics in 30 countries. Patients: Ill returned travelers with a confirmed, probable, or clinically suspected diagnosis of Zika virus disease seen between January 2013 and 29 February 2016. Measurements: Frequencies of demographic, trip, and clinical characteristics and complications. Results: Starting in May 2015, 93 cases of Zika virus disease were reported. Common symptoms included exanthema (88%), fever (76%), and arthralgia (72%). Fifty-nine percent of patients were exposed in South America; 71% were diagnosed in Europe. Case status was established most commonly by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of blood and less often by PCR testing of other body fluids or serology and plaque-reduction neutralization testing. Two patients developed Guillain-Barré syndrome, and 3 of 4 pregnancies had adverse outcomes (microcephaly, major fetal neurologic abnormalities, and intrauterine fetal death). Limitation: Surveillance data collected by specialized clinics may not be representative of all ill returned travelers, and denominator data are unavailable. Conclusion: These surveillance data help characterize the clinical manifestations and adverse outcomes of Zika virus disease among travelers infected in the Americas and show a need for global standardization of diagnostic testing. The serious fetal complications observed in this study highlight the importance of travel advisories and prevention measures for pregnant women and their partners. Travelers are sentinels for global Zika virus circulation and may facilitate further transmission. Primary Funding Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, International Society of Travel Medicine, and Public Health Agency of Canada.
Background: Zika virus has spread rapidly in the Americas and has been imported into many nonendemic countries by travelers. Objective: To describe clinical manifestations and epidemiology of Zika virus disease in travelers exposed in the Americas. Design: Descriptive, using GeoSentinel records. Setting: 63 travel and tropical medicine clinics in 30 countries. Patients: Ill returned travelers with a confirmed, probable, or clinically suspected diagnosis of Zika virus disease seen between January 2013 and 29 February 2016. Measurements: Frequencies of demographic, trip, and clinical characteristics and complications. Results: Starting in May 2015, 93 cases of Zika virus disease were reported. Common symptoms included exanthema (88%), fever (76%), and arthralgia (72%). Fifty-nine percent of patients were exposed in South America; 71% were diagnosed in Europe. Case status was established most commonly by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of blood and less often by PCR testing of other body fluids or serology and plaque-reduction neutralization testing. Two patients developed Guillain-Barré syndrome, and 3 of 4 pregnancies had adverse outcomes (microcephaly, major fetal neurologic abnormalities, and intrauterine fetal death). Limitation: Surveillance data collected by specialized clinics may not be representative of all ill returned travelers, and denominator data are unavailable. Conclusion: These surveillance data help characterize the clinical manifestations and adverse outcomes of Zika virus disease among travelers infected in the Americas and show a need for global standardization of diagnostic testing. The serious fetal complications observed in this study highlight the importance of travel advisories and prevention measures for pregnant women and their partners. Travelers are sentinels for global Zika virus circulation and may facilitate further transmission. Primary Funding Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, International Society of Travel Medicine, and Public Health Agency of Canada.
Authors: Matthew T Aliota; Leda Bassit; Shelton S Bradrick; Bryan Cox; Mariano A Garcia-Blanco; Christina Gavegnano; Thomas C Friedrich; Thaddeus G Golos; Diane E Griffin; Andrew D Haddow; Esper G Kallas; Uriel Kitron; Marc Lecuit; Diogo M Magnani; Caroline Marrs; Natalia Mercer; Edward McSweegan; Lisa F P Ng; David H O'Connor; Jorge E Osorio; Guilherme S Ribeiro; Michael Ricciardi; Shannan L Rossi; George Saade; Raymond F Schinazi; Geraldine O Schott-Lerner; Chao Shan; Pei-Yong Shi; David I Watkins; Nikos Vasilakis; Scott C Weaver Journal: Antiviral Res Date: 2017-06-06 Impact factor: 5.970
Authors: Chad S Clancy; Arnaud J Van Wettere; Venkatraman Siddharthan; John D Morrey; Justin G Julander Journal: Am J Pathol Date: 2018-01-31 Impact factor: 4.307
Authors: Kristina M Angelo; Rhett J Stoney; Gaelle Brun-Cottan; Karin Leder; Martin P Grobusch; Natasha Hochberg; Susan Kuhn; Emmanuel Bottieau; Patricia Schlagenhauf; Lin Chen; Noreen A Hynes; Cecilia Perret Perez; Frank P Mockenhaupt; Israel Molina; Clara Crespillo-Andújar; Denis Malvy; Eric Caumes; Pierre Plourde; Marc Shaw; Anne E McCarthy; Nancy Piper-Jenks; Bradley A Connor; Davidson H Hamer; Annelies Wilder-Smith Journal: J Travel Med Date: 2020-07-14 Impact factor: 8.490