Mitsuro Chiba1, Kunio Nakane2, Yuko Takayama3, Kae Sugawara4, Hideo Ohno5, Hajime Ishii6, Satoko Tsuda7, Tsuyotoshi Tsuji8, Masafumi Komatsu9, Takeshi Sugawara10. 1. Chief of the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Section at Akita City Hospital in Japan. mchiba@m2.gyao.ne.jp. 2. Chief of the Gastroenterology Division at Akita City Hospital in Japan. ac060950@akita-city-hp.jp. 3. Lecturer in the Life and Culture Department, Seirei Women's Junior College in Japan. takayama@seirei-wjc.ac.jp. 4. Gastroenterologist at Akita City Hospital in Japan. ks_st04045@yahoo.co.jp. 5. Gastroenterologist at Akita City Hospital in Japan. ac120502@akita-city-hp.jp. 6. Gastroenterologist at Akita City Hospital in Japan. acd00377@akita-city-hp.jp. 7. Gastroenterologist at Akita City Hospital in Japan. satokotsuda07@gmail.com. 8. Chief of the Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Section at Akita City Hospital in Japan. ac070289@akita-city-hp.jp. 9. Gastroenterologist and the Director of Akita City Hospital in Japan. ac990892@akita-city-hp.jp. 10. Gastroenterologist at Nakadori General Hospital in Akita, Japan. nrp05157@nifty.com.
Abstract
CONTEXT: Plant-based diets (PBDs) are a healthy alternative to westernized diets. A semivegetarian diet, a PBD, has been shown to prevent a relapse in Crohn disease. However, there is no way to measure adherence to PBDs. OBJECTIVE: To develop a simple way of evaluating adherence to a PBD for Japanese patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). DESIGN: PBD scores were assigned according to the frequency of consumption provided on a food-frequency questionnaire, obtained on hospitalization for 159 patients with ulcerative colitis and 70 patients with Crohn disease. Eight items considered to be preventive factors for IBD were scored positively, and 8 items considered to be IBD risk factors were scored negatively. The PBD score was calculated from the sum of plus and minus scores. Higher PBD scores indicated greater adherence to a PBD. The PBD scores were evaluated on hospitalization and 2 years after discharge for 22 patients with Crohn disease whose dietary pattern and prognosis were established. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Plant-Based Diet score. RESULTS: The PBD scores differed significantly, in descending order, by dietary type: pro-Japanese diet, mixed type, and pro-westernized diet (Wilcoxon/Kruskal-Wallis test). The PBD scores in the ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease groups were 10.9 ± 9.5 and 8.2 ± 8.2, respectively. For patients with Crohn disease, those with long-term remission and normal C-reactive protein concentration were significantly more likely to have PBD scores of 25 or greater than below 25 (χ2). CONCLUSION: The PBD score is a valid assessment of PBD dietary adherence.
CONTEXT: Plant-based diets (PBDs) are a healthy alternative to westernized diets. A semivegetarian diet, a PBD, has been shown to prevent a relapse in Crohn disease. However, there is no way to measure adherence to PBDs. OBJECTIVE: To develop a simple way of evaluating adherence to a PBD for Japanese patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). DESIGN: PBD scores were assigned according to the frequency of consumption provided on a food-frequency questionnaire, obtained on hospitalization for 159 patients with ulcerative colitis and 70 patients with Crohn disease. Eight items considered to be preventive factors for IBD were scored positively, and 8 items considered to be IBD risk factors were scored negatively. The PBD score was calculated from the sum of plus and minus scores. Higher PBD scores indicated greater adherence to a PBD. The PBD scores were evaluated on hospitalization and 2 years after discharge for 22 patients with Crohn disease whose dietary pattern and prognosis were established. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Plant-Based Diet score. RESULTS: The PBD scores differed significantly, in descending order, by dietary type: pro-Japanese diet, mixed type, and pro-westernized diet (Wilcoxon/Kruskal-Wallis test). The PBD scores in the ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease groups were 10.9 ± 9.5 and 8.2 ± 8.2, respectively. For patients with Crohn disease, those with long-term remission and normal C-reactive protein concentration were significantly more likely to have PBD scores of 25 or greater than below 25 (χ2). CONCLUSION: The PBD score is a valid assessment of PBD dietary adherence.
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