Emanuele F Kauffmann1, Niccolò Napoli1, Francesca Menonna1, Fabio Vistoli1, Gabriella Amorese2, Daniela Campani3, Luca Emanuele Pollina3, Niccola Funel3, Carla Cappelli4, Davide Caramella4, Ugo Boggi5. 1. Division of General and Transplant Surgery, University of Pisa and Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Via Paradisa 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy. 2. Division of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Pisa and Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy. 3. Division of Pathology, University of Pisa and Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy. 4. Division of Radiology, University of Pisa and Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy. 5. Division of General and Transplant Surgery, University of Pisa and Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Via Paradisa 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy. u.boggi@med.unipi.it.
Abstract
PURPOSE: This study aims to define the current status of robotic pancreatoduodenectomy (RPD) with resection and reconstruction of the superior mesenteric/portal vein (RPD-SMV/PV). METHODS: Our experience on RPD, including RPD-SMV/PV, is presented along with a description of the surgical technique and a systematic review of the literature on RPD-SMV/PV. RESULTS: We have performed 116 RPD and 14 RPD-SMV/PV. Seven additional cases of RPD-SMV/PV were identified in the literature. In our experience, RPD and RPD-SMV/PV were similar in all baseline variables, but lower mean body mass and higher prevalence of pancreatic cancer in RPD-SMV/PV. Regarding the type of vein resection, there were one type 2 (7.1 %), five type 3 (35.7 %) and eight type 4 (57.2 %) resections. As compared to RPD, RPD-SMV/PV required longer operative time, had higher median estimated blood loss, and blood transfusions were required more frequently. Incidence and severity of post-operative complications were not increased in RPD-SMV/PV, but post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage occurred more frequently after this procedure. In pancreatic cancer, RPD-SMV/PV was associated with a higher mean number of examined lymph nodes (60.0 ± 13.9 vs 44.6 ± 11.0; p = 0.02) and with the same rate of microscopic margin positivity (25.0 % vs 26.1 %). Mean length or resected vein was 23.1 ± 8.08 mm. Actual tumour infiltration was discovered in ten patients (71.4 %), reaching the adventitia in four patients (40.0 %), the media in two patients (20.0 %), and the intima in four patients (40.0 %). Literature review identified seven additional cases, all reported to have successful outcome. CONCLUSIONS: RPD-SMV/PV is feasible in carefully selected patients. The generalization of these results remains to be demonstrated.
PURPOSE: This study aims to define the current status of robotic pancreatoduodenectomy (RPD) with resection and reconstruction of the superior mesenteric/portal vein (RPD-SMV/PV). METHODS: Our experience on RPD, including RPD-SMV/PV, is presented along with a description of the surgical technique and a systematic review of the literature on RPD-SMV/PV. RESULTS: We have performed 116 RPD and 14 RPD-SMV/PV. Seven additional cases of RPD-SMV/PV were identified in the literature. In our experience, RPD and RPD-SMV/PV were similar in all baseline variables, but lower mean body mass and higher prevalence of pancreatic cancer in RPD-SMV/PV. Regarding the type of vein resection, there were one type 2 (7.1 %), five type 3 (35.7 %) and eight type 4 (57.2 %) resections. As compared to RPD, RPD-SMV/PV required longer operative time, had higher median estimated blood loss, and blood transfusions were required more frequently. Incidence and severity of post-operative complications were not increased in RPD-SMV/PV, but post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage occurred more frequently after this procedure. In pancreatic cancer, RPD-SMV/PV was associated with a higher mean number of examined lymph nodes (60.0 ± 13.9 vs 44.6 ± 11.0; p = 0.02) and with the same rate of microscopic margin positivity (25.0 % vs 26.1 %). Mean length or resected vein was 23.1 ± 8.08 mm. Actual tumour infiltration was discovered in ten patients (71.4 %), reaching the adventitia in four patients (40.0 %), the media in two patients (20.0 %), and the intima in four patients (40.0 %). Literature review identified seven additional cases, all reported to have successful outcome. CONCLUSIONS: RPD-SMV/PV is feasible in carefully selected patients. The generalization of these results remains to be demonstrated.
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