Alliny de Souza Bastos1, Dana T Graves2, Ana Paula de Melo Loureiro3, Carlos Rossa Júnior4, Sâmia Cruz Tfaile Corbi5, Fausto Frizzera6, Raquel Mantuaneli Scarel-Caminaga5, Niels Olsen Câmara7, Oelisoa M Andriankaja8, Meire I Hiyane7, Silvana Regina Perez Orrico4. 1. Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara School of Dentistry UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: allinyb@yahoo.com.br. 2. Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States. 3. Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil. 4. Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara School of Dentistry UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil. 5. Department of Morphology, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil. 6. Faculdades Integradas Espírito Santenses-FAESA Dental School, Vitoria, Espírito Santo (ES). 7. Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil. 8. Center for Clinical Research and Health Promotion, School of Dental Medicine, University of Puerto Rico.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The effect of the interaction between type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia on inflammation and lipid peroxidation (LPO) has not been assessed. AIM: To investigate whether diabetes coupled with dyslipidemia alters oxidative metabolism leading to increased LPO products and inflammatory status. METHODS: 100 patients were divided into four groups based upon diabetic and dyslipidemic status: poorly controlled diabetes with dyslipidemia (DM-PC/D), well-controlled diabetes with dyslipidemia (DM-WC/D), normoglycemic individuals with dyslipidemia (NG/D), and normoglycemic individuals without dyslipidemia (NG/ND). Plasma was evaluated for an LPO product (MDA), antioxidant levels and inflammatory cytokines. RESULTS: Diabetics presented significantly higher levels of LPO (p<0.05) and the DM-PC/D had higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines and MDA in the plasma in comparison with normoglycemics (p<0.05). Interestingly IL1-β, IL-6, and TNF-α in DM-WC/D were not statistically different from those in DM-PC/D. Normoglycemic individuals with dyslipidemia presented significantly increased levels of IL-6 and TNF-α when compared to normoglycemic without dyslipidemia (p<0.05). MDA levels were also positively correlated with the presence of DM complications (r=0.42, p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These findings show that dyslipidemia is associated with an increased inflammatory status, even in well-controlled diabetics and in normoglycemics. Our results suggest that lipid metabolism and peroxidation are important for the development of inflammation, which is elevated in several complications associated with diabetes.
BACKGROUND: The effect of the interaction between type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia on inflammation and lipid peroxidation (LPO) has not been assessed. AIM: To investigate whether diabetes coupled with dyslipidemia alters oxidative metabolism leading to increased LPO products and inflammatory status. METHODS: 100 patients were divided into four groups based upon diabetic and dyslipidemic status: poorly controlled diabetes with dyslipidemia (DM-PC/D), well-controlled diabetes with dyslipidemia (DM-WC/D), normoglycemic individuals with dyslipidemia (NG/D), and normoglycemic individuals without dyslipidemia (NG/ND). Plasma was evaluated for an LPO product (MDA), antioxidant levels and inflammatory cytokines. RESULTS:Diabetics presented significantly higher levels of LPO (p<0.05) and the DM-PC/D had higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines and MDA in the plasma in comparison with normoglycemics (p<0.05). Interestingly IL1-β, IL-6, and TNF-α in DM-WC/D were not statistically different from those in DM-PC/D. Normoglycemic individuals with dyslipidemia presented significantly increased levels of IL-6 and TNF-α when compared to normoglycemic without dyslipidemia (p<0.05). MDA levels were also positively correlated with the presence of DM complications (r=0.42, p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These findings show that dyslipidemia is associated with an increased inflammatory status, even in well-controlled diabetics and in normoglycemics. Our results suggest that lipid metabolism and peroxidation are important for the development of inflammation, which is elevated in several complications associated with diabetes.
Authors: S Mirza; Monir Hossain; Christine Mathews; Perla Martinez; Paula Pino; Jennifer L Gay; Anne Rentfro; Joseph B McCormick; Susan P Fisher-Hoch Journal: Cytokine Date: 2011-10-28 Impact factor: 3.861