Anke C C M van Mil1, Arno Greyling, Peter L Zock, Johanna M Geleijnse, Maria T Hopman, Ronald P Mensink, Koen D Reesink, Daniel J Green, Lorenzo Ghiadoni, Dick H Thijssen. 1. aDepartment of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands bResearch institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom cTop Institute for Food and Nutrition (TIFN), Wageningen dUnilever R&D Vlaardingen, Vlaardingen eDivision of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen fDepartment of Human Biology gDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands hSchool of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia iUniversity of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is a popular technique to examine endothelial function in humans. Identifying volunteer and methodological factors related to variation in FMD is important to improve measurement accuracy and applicability. METHODS: Volunteer-related and methodology-related parameters were collected in 672 volunteers from eight affiliated centres worldwide who underwent repeated measures of FMD. All centres adopted contemporary expert-consensus guidelines for FMD assessment. After calculating the coefficient of variation (%) of the FMD for each individual, we constructed quartiles (n = 168 per quartile). Based on two regression models (volunteer-related factors and methodology-related factors), statistically significant components of these two models were added to a final regression model (calculated as β-coefficient and R). This allowed us to identify factors that independently contributed to the variation in FMD%. RESULTS: Median coefficient of variation was 17.5%, with healthy volunteers demonstrating a coefficient of variation 9.3%. Regression models revealed age (β = 0.248, P < 0.001), hypertension (β = 0.104, P < 0.001), dyslipidemia (β = 0.331, P < 0.001), time between measurements (β = 0.318, P < 0.001), lab experience (β = -0.133, P < 0.001) and baseline FMD% (β = 0.082, P < 0.05) as contributors to the coefficient of variation. After including all significant factors in the final model, we found that time between measurements, hypertension, baseline FMD% and lab experience with FMD independently predicted brachial artery variability (total R = 0.202). CONCLUSION: Although FMD% showed good reproducibility, larger variation was observed in conditions with longer time between measurements, hypertension, less experience and lower baseline FMD%. Accounting for these factors may improve FMD% variability.
OBJECTIVES: Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is a popular technique to examine endothelial function in humans. Identifying volunteer and methodological factors related to variation in FMD is important to improve measurement accuracy and applicability. METHODS: Volunteer-related and methodology-related parameters were collected in 672 volunteers from eight affiliated centres worldwide who underwent repeated measures of FMD. All centres adopted contemporary expert-consensus guidelines for FMD assessment. After calculating the coefficient of variation (%) of the FMD for each individual, we constructed quartiles (n = 168 per quartile). Based on two regression models (volunteer-related factors and methodology-related factors), statistically significant components of these two models were added to a final regression model (calculated as β-coefficient and R). This allowed us to identify factors that independently contributed to the variation in FMD%. RESULTS: Median coefficient of variation was 17.5%, with healthy volunteers demonstrating a coefficient of variation 9.3%. Regression models revealed age (β = 0.248, P < 0.001), hypertension (β = 0.104, P < 0.001), dyslipidemia (β = 0.331, P < 0.001), time between measurements (β = 0.318, P < 0.001), lab experience (β = -0.133, P < 0.001) and baseline FMD% (β = 0.082, P < 0.05) as contributors to the coefficient of variation. After including all significant factors in the final model, we found that time between measurements, hypertension, baseline FMD% and lab experience with FMD independently predicted brachial artery variability (total R = 0.202). CONCLUSION: Although FMD% showed good reproducibility, larger variation was observed in conditions with longer time between measurements, hypertension, less experience and lower baseline FMD%. Accounting for these factors may improve FMD% variability.
Authors: Anouk Tanghe; Bert Celie; Samyah Shadid; Ernst Rietzschel; Jos Op 't Roodt; Koen D Reesink; Elsa Heyman; Patrick Calders Journal: Front Cardiovasc Med Date: 2021-03-15
Authors: Joseph D Maxwell; Madeleine France; Lucy E M Finnigan; Howard H Carter; Dick H J Thijssen; Helen Jones Journal: Eur J Appl Physiol Date: 2021-01-28 Impact factor: 3.078
Authors: Emma B N J Janssen; Mieke C E Hooijschuur; Veronica A Lopes van Balen; Erjona Morina-Shijaku; Julia J Spaan; Eva G Mulder; Arnold P Hoeks; Koen D Reesink; Sander M J van Kuijk; Arnoud Van't Hof; Bas C T van Bussel; Marc E A Spaanderman; Chahinda Ghossein-Doha Journal: Front Cardiovasc Med Date: 2022-07-28
Authors: Szymon Mućka; Martyna Miodońska; Grzegorz K Jakubiak; Monika Starzak; Grzegorz Cieślar; Agata Stanek Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-09-07 Impact factor: 4.614