BACKGROUND: During the 2014-2015 US influenza season, expanded genetic characterization of circulating influenza A(H3N2) viruses was used to assess the impact of the genetic variability of influenza A(H3N2) viruses on influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE). METHODS: A novel pyrosequencing assay was used to determine genetic group, based on hemagglutinin (HA) gene sequences, of influenza A(H3N2) viruses from patients enrolled at US Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network sites. VE was estimated using a test-negative design comparing vaccination among patients infected with influenza A(H3N2) viruses and uninfected patients. RESULTS: Among 9710 enrollees, 1868 (19%) tested positive for influenza A(H3N2) virus; genetic characterization of 1397 viruses showed that 1134 (81%) belonged to 1 HA genetic group (3C.2a) of antigenically drifted influenza A(H3N2) viruses. Effectiveness of 2014-2015 influenza vaccination varied by influenza A(H3N2) virus genetic group from 1% (95% confidence interval [CI], -14% to 14%) against illness caused by antigenically drifted influenza A(H3N2) virus group 3C.2a viruses versus 44% (95% CI, 16%-63%) against illness caused by vaccine-like influenza A(H3N2) virus group 3C.3b viruses. CONCLUSIONS: Effectiveness of 2014-2015 influenza vaccination varied by genetic group of influenza A(H3N2) virus. Changes in HA genes related to antigenic drift were associated with reduced VE. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2016. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.
BACKGROUND: During the 2014-2015 US influenza season, expanded genetic characterization of circulating influenza A(H3N2) viruses was used to assess the impact of the genetic variability of influenza A(H3N2) viruses on influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE). METHODS: A novel pyrosequencing assay was used to determine genetic group, based on hemagglutinin (HA) gene sequences, of influenza A(H3N2) viruses from patients enrolled at US Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network sites. VE was estimated using a test-negative design comparing vaccination among patients infected with influenza A(H3N2) viruses and uninfected patients. RESULTS: Among 9710 enrollees, 1868 (19%) tested positive for influenza A(H3N2) virus; genetic characterization of 1397 viruses showed that 1134 (81%) belonged to 1 HA genetic group (3C.2a) of antigenically drifted influenza A(H3N2) viruses. Effectiveness of 2014-2015 influenza vaccination varied by influenza A(H3N2) virus genetic group from 1% (95% confidence interval [CI], -14% to 14%) against illness caused by antigenically drifted influenza A(H3N2) virus group 3C.2a viruses versus 44% (95% CI, 16%-63%) against illness caused by vaccine-like influenza A(H3N2) virus group 3C.3b viruses. CONCLUSIONS: Effectiveness of 2014-2015 influenza vaccination varied by genetic group of influenza A(H3N2) virus. Changes in HA genes related to antigenic drift were associated with reduced VE. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2016. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.
Authors: D M Skowronski; C Chambers; S Sabaiduc; G De Serres; J A Dickinson; A L Winter; S J Drews; K Fonseca; H Charest; J B Gubbay; M Petric; M Krajden; T L Kwindt; C Martineau; A Eshaghi; N Bastien; Y Li Journal: Euro Surveill Date: 2015-01-29
Authors: R G Pebody; F Warburton; J Ellis; N Andrews; C Thompson; B von Wissmann; H K Green; S Cottrell; J Johnston; S de Lusignan; C Moore; R Gunson; C Robertson; J McMenamin; M Zambon Journal: Euro Surveill Date: 2015-02-05
Authors: Edward A Belongia; Burney A Kieke; James G Donahue; Robert T Greenlee; Amanda Balish; Angie Foust; Stephen Lindstrom; David K Shay Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2009-01-15 Impact factor: 5.226
Authors: Manjusha Gaglani; Jessica Pruszynski; Kempapura Murthy; Lydia Clipper; Anne Robertson; Michael Reis; Jessie R Chung; Pedro A Piedra; Vasanthi Avadhanula; Mary Patricia Nowalk; Richard K Zimmerman; Michael L Jackson; Lisa A Jackson; Joshua G Petrie; Suzanne E Ohmit; Arnold S Monto; Huong Q McLean; Edward A Belongia; Alicia M Fry; Brendan Flannery Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2016-01-06 Impact factor: 7.759
Authors: Michelle D Tate; Emma R Job; Yi-Mo Deng; Vithiagaran Gunalan; Sebastian Maurer-Stroh; Patrick C Reading Journal: Viruses Date: 2014-03-14 Impact factor: 5.048
Authors: Brendan Flannery; Swathi N Thaker; Jessie Clippard; Arnold S Monto; Suzanne E Ohmit; Richard K Zimmerman; Mary Patricia Nowalk; Manjusha Gaglani; Michael L Jackson; Lisa A Jackson; Edward A Belongia; Huong Q McLean; LaShondra Berman; Angie Foust; Wendy Sessions; Sarah Spencer; Alicia M Fry Journal: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Date: 2014-02-21 Impact factor: 17.586
Authors: Jessie R Chung; Brendan Flannery; Richard K Zimmerman; Mary Patricia Nowalk; Michael L Jackson; Lisa A Jackson; Joshua G Petrie; Emily T Martin; Arnold S Monto; Huong Q McLean; Edward A Belongia; Manjusha Gaglani; Alicia M Fry Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2017-07-15 Impact factor: 5.226
Authors: Jill M Ferdinands; Manjusha Gaglani; Emily T Martin; Don Middleton; Arnold S Monto; Kempapura Murthy; Fernanda P Silveira; H Keipp Talbot; Richard Zimmerman; Elif Alyanak; Courtney Strickland; Sarah Spencer; Alicia M Fry Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2019-09-13 Impact factor: 5.226
Authors: Feng Liu; F Liaini Gross; Stacie N Jefferson; Crystal Holiday; Yaohui Bai; Li Wang; Bin Zhou; Min Z Levine Journal: J Clin Invest Date: 2021-04-15 Impact factor: 14.808
Authors: Vasiliy P Mishin; Tatiana Baranovich; Rebecca Garten; Anton Chesnokov; Anwar I Abd Elal; Michelle Adamczyk; Jennifer LaPlante; Kirsten St George; Alicia M Fry; John Barnes; Stephanie C Chester; Xiyan Xu; Jacqueline M Katz; David E Wentworth; Larisa V Gubareva Journal: J Clin Microbiol Date: 2016-12-28 Impact factor: 5.948
Authors: Danuta M Skowronski; Catharine Chambers; Gaston De Serres; Suzana Sabaiduc; Anne-Luise Winter; James A Dickinson; Jonathan B Gubbay; Kevin Fonseca; Steven J Drews; Hugues Charest; Christine Martineau; Mel Krajden; Martin Petric; Nathalie Bastien; Yan Li; Derek J Smith Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2017-04-01 Impact factor: 5.226
Authors: Jessie R Chung; Brendan Flannery; Manjusha Gaglani; Michael E Smith; Evelyn C Reis; Robert W Hickey; Michael L Jackson; Lisa A Jackson; Edward A Belongia; Huong Q McLean; Emily T Martin; Hannah E Segaloff; Sara S Kim; Manish M Patel Journal: JAMA Pediatr Date: 2020-07-01 Impact factor: 16.193
Authors: Joshua G Petrie; Emily T Martin; Rachel Truscon; Emileigh Johnson; Caroline K Cheng; E J McSpadden; Ryan E Malosh; Adam S Lauring; Lois E Lamerato; Maryna C Eichelberger; Jill M Ferdinands; Arnold S Monto Journal: Vaccine Date: 2019-02-07 Impact factor: 3.641
Authors: Samantha M Harrison; Melissa Y Wei; Lois E Lamerato; Joshua G Petrie; Emily Toth Martin Journal: Vaccine Date: 2018-05-07 Impact factor: 3.641