Alberto Vascellari1, Pietro Spennacchio2, Alberto Combi3, Alberto Grassi4, Silvio Patella5, Salvatore Bisicchia6, Gian Luigi Canata7, Stefano Zaffagnini4. 1. Orthopaedic and Traumatology Department, Oderzo Hospital, Oderzo, Treviso, Italy. mascvoz@gmail.com. 2. IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato, Milan, Italy. 3. Orthopaedic and Traumatology Department, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. 4. 2nd Orthopaedic and Traumatology Clinic, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy. 5. Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Bari University Hospital, Bari, Italy. 6. Orthopaedic Surgery, San Pietro Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Rome, Italy. 7. Centre of Sports Traumatology, Koelliker Hospital, Turin, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to translate the Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS) into Italian and establish its cultural adaptiveness and validity. METHODS: The original version of the ATRS was translated into Italian in accordance with the stages recommended by Guillemin. A web-based survey was developed to test the construct validity of the Italian ATRS. Eighty patients with an average age of 45.5 years (SD 11) were included in the study. The ATRS was completed twice at 5 days intervals for test-retest reliability. The intraclass correlation coefficient was used to calculate the test-retest reliability, and Cronbach's α coefficient was used for internal consistency. Validity was evaluated by external correlation (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, r) of the ATRS with the Italian versions of the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment-Achilles questionnaire (VISA-A), the 17-Italian Foot Function Index (17-FFI), the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS), and the Short-Form 36 (SF-36). RESULTS: The internal consistency (α = 0.97) and the test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.96) were excellent. The correlation coefficient showed strong correlation of the Italian ATRS with the VISA-A and the LEFS (r = 0.72 and r = 0.70, respectively, p < 0.0001), a weak correlation with the 17-FFI (r = -0.30, p = 0.007), and high-to-moderate correlation with the physical functioning, bodily pain, physical role functioning, social functioning, role emotional, and vitality of the SF-36 (r = 0.75, r = 0.61, r = 0.52, r = 0.49, r = 0.40 and r = 0.34, respectively, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The Italian version of the ATRS is a valid instrumentation to assess the functional limitations of Italian patients after Achilles tendon rupture. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to translate the Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS) into Italian and establish its cultural adaptiveness and validity. METHODS: The original version of the ATRS was translated into Italian in accordance with the stages recommended by Guillemin. A web-based survey was developed to test the construct validity of the Italian ATRS. Eighty patients with an average age of 45.5 years (SD 11) were included in the study. The ATRS was completed twice at 5 days intervals for test-retest reliability. The intraclass correlation coefficient was used to calculate the test-retest reliability, and Cronbach's α coefficient was used for internal consistency. Validity was evaluated by external correlation (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, r) of the ATRS with the Italian versions of the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment-Achilles questionnaire (VISA-A), the 17-Italian Foot Function Index (17-FFI), the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS), and the Short-Form 36 (SF-36). RESULTS: The internal consistency (α = 0.97) and the test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.96) were excellent. The correlation coefficient showed strong correlation of the Italian ATRS with the VISA-A and the LEFS (r = 0.72 and r = 0.70, respectively, p < 0.0001), a weak correlation with the 17-FFI (r = -0.30, p = 0.007), and high-to-moderate correlation with the physical functioning, bodily pain, physical role functioning, social functioning, role emotional, and vitality of the SF-36 (r = 0.75, r = 0.61, r = 0.52, r = 0.49, r = 0.40 and r = 0.34, respectively, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The Italian version of the ATRS is a valid instrumentation to assess the functional limitations of Italian patients after Achilles tendon rupture. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.
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