Patricia A Sharpe1, Kara Whitaker2, Kassandra A Alia3, Sara Wilcox4, Brent Hutto5. 1. College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. 2. Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN. 3. Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. 4. Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. 5. Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Determine whether macro- and micro-nutrient intake, energy intake, diet quality, adherence to recommended dietary intake, and psychosocial and behavioral factors are associated with household food security. DESIGN: Baseline data from in-person interviews and telephone-based, 24-hour dietary recall from women recruited to a diet and physical activity controlled trial. SETTING: Neighborhoods encompassing 18 urban census tracts in South Carolina. PARTICIPANTS: Participants (n=202) were predominantly African American (87%), overweight or obese women aged 25 to 51 years with mean body mass index of 40.6±8.7. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Macro- and micro-nutrient intake, energy intake, diet quality, adherence to recommended dietary intake (via multi-pass, 24-h recall); diet-related self-efficacy and social support, healthy/lowfat and emotional eating behaviors, and depressive symptoms. RESULTS: Women in food-secure (FS) and food insecure (FI) households were not different on health and sociodemographic characteristics. Women in FI households had lower self-efficacy and healthy/low-fat eating behaviors, and higher emotional eating and depressive symptoms compared with women in FS households. The groups did not differ on social support. Significant dietary differences were few (FS>FI on protein and lean meat; FS<FI on carbohydrate intake). For 29 of 35 (74%) dietary intake recommendations, less than 75% of women in both groups met each recommendation. CONCLUSIONS: While food security status was associated with diet-related psychosocial and behavioral factors, it was associated with few aspects of dietary intake. Dietary intake overall was poor. Participants were not meeting guidelines for a diet supportive of general health or weight loss and management, regardless of food security status.
OBJECTIVE: Determine whether macro- and micro-nutrient intake, energy intake, diet quality, adherence to recommended dietary intake, and psychosocial and behavioral factors are associated with household food security. DESIGN: Baseline data from in-person interviews and telephone-based, 24-hour dietary recall from women recruited to a diet and physical activity controlled trial. SETTING: Neighborhoods encompassing 18 urban census tracts in South Carolina. PARTICIPANTS: Participants (n=202) were predominantly African American (87%), overweight or obesewomen aged 25 to 51 years with mean body mass index of 40.6±8.7. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Macro- and micro-nutrient intake, energy intake, diet quality, adherence to recommended dietary intake (via multi-pass, 24-h recall); diet-related self-efficacy and social support, healthy/lowfat and emotional eating behaviors, and depressive symptoms. RESULTS:Women in food-secure (FS) and food insecure (FI) households were not different on health and sociodemographic characteristics. Women in FI households had lower self-efficacy and healthy/low-fat eating behaviors, and higher emotional eating and depressive symptoms compared with women in FS households. The groups did not differ on social support. Significant dietary differences were few (FS>FI on protein and lean meat; FS<FI on carbohydrate intake). For 29 of 35 (74%) dietary intake recommendations, less than 75% of women in both groups met each recommendation. CONCLUSIONS: While food security status was associated with diet-related psychosocial and behavioral factors, it was associated with few aspects of dietary intake. Dietary intake overall was poor. Participants were not meeting guidelines for a diet supportive of general health or weight loss and management, regardless of food security status.
Entities:
Keywords:
African American Women; Food Insecurity; Food Security; Poverty
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