R V Shah1, V L Murthy2, M A Allison3, J Ding4, M Budoff5, A C Frazier-Wood6, J A C Lima7, L Steffen8, D Siscovick9, K L Tucker10, P Ouyang7, S A Abbasi11, K Danielson12, M Jerosch-Herold13, D Mozaffarian14. 1. Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave., Boston, MA 02215, USA. Electronic address: rshah1@bidmc.harvard.edu. 2. Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine Division), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Radiology (Nuclear Medicine Division), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. Electronic address: vlmurthy@med.umich.edu. 3. Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. 4. Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. 5. Department of Cardiology and Medicine, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 6. USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. 7. Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. 8. University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA. 9. University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA. 10. University of Massachusetts at Lowell School of Public Health, Lowell, MA, USA. 11. Department of Cardiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. 12. Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave., Boston, MA 02215, USA. 13. Noninvasive Cardiovascular Imaging Section, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. 14. Tufts University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: darius.mozaffarian@tufts.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Dietary quality affects cardiometabolic risk, yet its pathways of influence on regional adipose tissue depots involved in metabolic and diabetes risk are not well established. We aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary quality and regional adiposity. METHODS AND RESULTS: We investigated 5079 individuals in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) who had food-frequency questionnaires and measurement of pericardial fat and hepatic attenuation at the baseline study visit in MESA, as well as a subgroup with imaging for visceral and subcutaneous fat (N = 1390). A dietary quality score (DietQuality) was constructed to include established food group constituents of a Mediterranean-type diet. Linear models estimated associations of dietary score as well as its constituents with regional adiposity. Baseline mean age was 61 (± 10) years, and approximately half of the participants (47%) were male. Those with a higher DietQuality score were generally older, female, with a lower body mass index, C-reactive protein, and markers of insulin resistance. After adjustment, a higher DietQuality score was associated with lower visceral fat (lowest vs. highest dietary score quartile: 523.6 vs. 460.5 cm(2)/m; P < 0.01 for trend), pericardial fat (47.5 vs. 41.3 cm(3)/m; P < 0.01 for trend), lesser hepatic steatosis (by hepatic attenuation; 58.6 vs. 60.7 Hounsfield units; P < 0.01 for trend), but not subcutaneous fat (P = 0.39). Greater fruits, vegetables, whole grains, seeds/nuts and yogurt intake were associated with decreased adiposity, while red/processed meats were associated with greater regional adiposity. CONCLUSION: A higher quality diet pattern is associated with less regional adiposity, suggesting a potential mechanism of beneficial dietary effects on diabetes, metabolic, and cardiovascular risk.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Dietary quality affects cardiometabolic risk, yet its pathways of influence on regional adipose tissue depots involved in metabolic and diabetes risk are not well established. We aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary quality and regional adiposity. METHODS AND RESULTS: We investigated 5079 individuals in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) who had food-frequency questionnaires and measurement of pericardial fat and hepatic attenuation at the baseline study visit in MESA, as well as a subgroup with imaging for visceral and subcutaneous fat (N = 1390). A dietary quality score (DietQuality) was constructed to include established food group constituents of a Mediterranean-type diet. Linear models estimated associations of dietary score as well as its constituents with regional adiposity. Baseline mean age was 61 (± 10) years, and approximately half of the participants (47%) were male. Those with a higher DietQuality score were generally older, female, with a lower body mass index, C-reactive protein, and markers of insulin resistance. After adjustment, a higher DietQuality score was associated with lower visceral fat (lowest vs. highest dietary score quartile: 523.6 vs. 460.5 cm(2)/m; P < 0.01 for trend), pericardial fat (47.5 vs. 41.3 cm(3)/m; P < 0.01 for trend), lesser hepatic steatosis (by hepatic attenuation; 58.6 vs. 60.7 Hounsfield units; P < 0.01 for trend), but not subcutaneous fat (P = 0.39). Greater fruits, vegetables, whole grains, seeds/nuts and yogurt intake were associated with decreased adiposity, while red/processed meats were associated with greater regional adiposity. CONCLUSION: A higher quality diet pattern is associated with less regional adiposity, suggesting a potential mechanism of beneficial dietary effects on diabetes, metabolic, and cardiovascular risk.
Authors: M A Martínez-González; E Fernández-Jarne; M Serrano-Martínez; M Wright; E Gomez-Gracia Journal: Eur J Clin Nutr Date: 2004-11 Impact factor: 4.016
Authors: E J Mayer-Davis; M Z Vitolins; S L Carmichael; S Hemphill; G Tsaroucha; J Rushing; S Levin Journal: Ann Epidemiol Date: 1999-07 Impact factor: 3.797
Authors: J A Paniagua; A Gallego de la Sacristana; I Romero; A Vidal-Puig; J M Latre; E Sanchez; P Perez-Martinez; J Lopez-Miranda; F Perez-Jimenez Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2007-03-23 Impact factor: 19.112
Authors: Dora Romaguera; Teresa Norat; Traci Mouw; Anne M May; Christina Bamia; Nadia Slimani; Noemie Travier; Herve Besson; Jian'an Luan; Nick Wareham; Sabina Rinaldi; Elisabeth Couto; Françoise Clavel-Chapelon; Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault; Vanessa Cottet; Domenico Palli; Claudia Agnoli; Salvatore Panico; Rosario Tumino; Paolo Vineis; Antonio Agudo; Laudina Rodriguez; Maria Jose Sanchez; Pilar Amiano; Aurelio Barricarte; Jose Maria Huerta; Timothy J Key; Elisabeth A Spencer; H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita; Frederike L Büchner; Philippos Orfanos; Androniki Naska; Antonia Trichopoulou; Sabine Rohrmann; Rudolf Kaaks; Manuela Bergmann; Heiner Boeing; Ingegerd Johansson; Veronica Hellstrom; Jonas Manjer; Elisabet Wirfält; Marianne Uhre Jacobsen; Kim Overvad; Anne Tjonneland; Jytte Halkjaer; Eiliv Lund; Toni Braaten; Dragun Engeset; Andreani Odysseos; Elio Riboli; Petra H M Peeters Journal: J Nutr Date: 2009-07-01 Impact factor: 4.798
Authors: Diane E Bild; David A Bluemke; Gregory L Burke; Robert Detrano; Ana V Diez Roux; Aaron R Folsom; Philip Greenland; David R Jacob; Richard Kronmal; Kiang Liu; Jennifer Clark Nelson; Daniel O'Leary; Mohammed F Saad; Steven Shea; Moyses Szklo; Russell P Tracy Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2002-11-01 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: Esther A Molenaar; Joseph M Massaro; Paul F Jacques; Karla M Pou; R Curtis Ellison; Udo Hoffmann; Karol Pencina; Steven D Shadwick; Ramachandran S Vasan; Christopher J O'Donnell; Caroline S Fox Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2008-12-15 Impact factor: 19.112
Authors: Myong-Ho Jeong; Hyun-Ji Kim; Jung-Hoon Pyun; Kyu-Sil Choi; Dong I Lee; Soroosh Solhjoo; Brian O'Rourke; Gordon F Tomaselli; Dong Seop Jeong; Hana Cho; Jong-Sun Kang Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2017-02-02 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Stephanie K Nishi; Effie Viguiliouk; Sonia Blanco Mejia; Cyril W C Kendall; Richard P Bazinet; Anthony J Hanley; Elena M Comelli; Jordi Salas Salvadó; David J A Jenkins; John L Sievenpiper Journal: Obes Rev Date: 2021-09-08 Impact factor: 10.867
Authors: E Biver; C Durosier-Izart; F Merminod; T Chevalley; B van Rietbergen; S L Ferrari; R Rizzoli Journal: Osteoporos Int Date: 2018-05-03 Impact factor: 4.507
Authors: Jiantao Ma; Rachel Hennein; Chunyu Liu; Michelle T Long; Udo Hoffmann; Paul F Jacques; Alice H Lichtenstein; Frank B Hu; Daniel Levy Journal: Gastroenterology Date: 2018-03-29 Impact factor: 22.682
Authors: Gertraud Maskarinec; Unhee Lim; Simone Jacobs; Kristine R Monroe; Thomas Ernst; Steven D Buchthal; John A Shepherd; Lynne R Wilkens; Loïc Le Marchand; Carol J Boushey Journal: Obesity (Silver Spring) Date: 2017-08 Impact factor: 5.002
Authors: Robin Christensen; Berit L Heitmann; Karina Winther Andersen; Ole Haagen Nielsen; Signe Bek Sørensen; Mohamad Jawhara; Anette Bygum; Lone Hvid; Jakob Grauslund; Jimmi Wied; Henning Glerup; Ulrich Fredberg; Jan Alexander Villadsen; Søren Geill Kjær; Jan Fallingborg; Seyed A G R Moghadd; Torben Knudsen; Jacob Brodersen; Jesper Frøjk; Jens Frederik Dahlerup; Anders Bo Bojesen; Grith Lykke Sorensen; Steffen Thiel; Nils J Færgeman; Ivan Brandslund; Tue Bjerg Bennike; Allan Stensballe; Erik Berg Schmidt; Andre Franke; David Ellinghaus; Philip Rosenstiel; Jeroen Raes; Mette Boye; Lars Werner; Charlotte Lindgaard Nielsen; Heidi Lausten Munk; Anders Bathum Nexøe; Torkell Ellingsen; Uffe Holmskov; Jens Kjeldsen; Vibeke Andersen Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2018-02-08 Impact factor: 2.692
Authors: Michelle Reid; Janice E Maras; Steven Shea; Alexis C Wood; Cecilia Castro-Diehl; Dayna A Johnson; Tianyi Huang; David R Jacobs; Allison Crawford; Marie-Pierre St-Onge; Susan Redline Journal: Sleep Date: 2019-01-01 Impact factor: 6.313