Vi Am Dinh1, Daniel Lakoff2, Jamie Hess2, David P Bahner2, Richard Hoppmann2, Michael Blaivas2, John S Pellerito2, Alfred Abuhamad2, Sorabh Khandelwal2. 1. Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California USA (V.A.D.); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York USA (D.L.); University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin USA (J.H.); The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio USA (D.P.B., S.K.); University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina USA (R.H., M.B.); Hofstra University North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Hempstead, New York USA (J.S.P.); and Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia USA (A.A.). vadinh@llu.edu. 2. Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California USA (V.A.D.); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York USA (D.L.); University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin USA (J.H.); The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio USA (D.P.B., S.K.); University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina USA (R.H., M.B.); Hofstra University North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Hempstead, New York USA (J.S.P.); and Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia USA (A.A.).
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Many medical schools are implementing point-of-care ultrasound in their curricula to help augment teaching of the physical examination, anatomy, and ultimately clinical management. However, point-of-care ultrasound milestones for medical students remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to formulate a consensus on core medical student clinical point-of-care ultrasound milestones across allopathic and osteopathic medical schools in the United States. Directors who are leading the integration of ultrasound in medical education (USMED) at their respective institutions were surveyed. METHODS: An initial list of 205 potential clinical ultrasound milestones was developed through a literature review. An expert panel consisting of 34 USMED directors across the United States was used to produce consensus on clinical ultrasound milestones through 2 rounds of a modified Delphi technique, an established anonymous process to obtain consensus through multiple rounds of quantitative questionnaires. RESULTS: There was a 100% response rate from the 34 USMED directors in both rounds 1 and 2 of the modified Delphi protocol. After the first round, 2 milestones were revised to improve clarity, and 9 were added on the basis of comments from the USMED directors, resulting in 214 milestones forwarded to round 2. After the second round, only 90 milestones were found to have a high level of agreement and were included in the final medical student core clinical ultrasound milestones. CONCLUSIONS: This study established 90 core clinical milestones that all graduating medical students should obtain before graduation, based on consensus from 34 USMED directors. These core milestones can serve as a guide for curriculum deans who are initiating ultrasound curricula at their institutions. The exact method of implementation and competency assessment needs further investigation.
OBJECTIVES: Many medical schools are implementing point-of-care ultrasound in their curricula to help augment teaching of the physical examination, anatomy, and ultimately clinical management. However, point-of-care ultrasound milestones for medical students remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to formulate a consensus on core medical student clinical point-of-care ultrasound milestones across allopathic and osteopathic medical schools in the United States. Directors who are leading the integration of ultrasound in medical education (USMED) at their respective institutions were surveyed. METHODS: An initial list of 205 potential clinical ultrasound milestones was developed through a literature review. An expert panel consisting of 34 USMED directors across the United States was used to produce consensus on clinical ultrasound milestones through 2 rounds of a modified Delphi technique, an established anonymous process to obtain consensus through multiple rounds of quantitative questionnaires. RESULTS: There was a 100% response rate from the 34 USMED directors in both rounds 1 and 2 of the modified Delphi protocol. After the first round, 2 milestones were revised to improve clarity, and 9 were added on the basis of comments from the USMED directors, resulting in 214 milestones forwarded to round 2. After the second round, only 90 milestones were found to have a high level of agreement and were included in the final medical student core clinical ultrasound milestones. CONCLUSIONS: This study established 90 core clinical milestones that all graduating medical students should obtain before graduation, based on consensus from 34 USMED directors. These core milestones can serve as a guide for curriculum deans who are initiating ultrasound curricula at their institutions. The exact method of implementation and competency assessment needs further investigation.
Authors: J Christian Fox; Shadi Lahham; Graciela Maldonado; Suzi Klaus; Bassil Aish; Lauren V Sylwanowicz; Justin Yanuck; Sean P Wilson; Mason Shieh; Craig L Anderson; Carter English; Ryan Mayer; Uthara R Mohan Journal: J Ultrasound Med Date: 2017-03-04 Impact factor: 2.153
Authors: Daniel W Ross; Mohammed M Abbasi; Kenar D Jhaveri; Mala Sachdeva; Ilene Miller; Richard Barnett; Mangala Narasimhan; Paul Mayo; Massini Merzkani; Anna T Mathew Journal: Clin Kidney J Date: 2017-09-28