Hideto Sagara1, Tetsuya Yamamoto, Tetsuju Sekiryu, Masashi Ogasawara, Toshiro Tango. 1. *The Marui Eye Clinic, Minamisouma †Department of Ophthalmology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima ‡Department of Ophthalmology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu §Center for Medical Statistics, Tokyo, Japan.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To investigate seasonal variations in the incidence of late-onset bleb-related infection after filtering surgery in Japan and the relationship between season and other factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This multicenter, prospective study is part of a 5-year-long Japan Glaucoma Society survey of bleb-related infection. We analyzed 156 cases of first-time infections (106 men, 50 women) encountered over 5 years to determine the seasonal variation using the Roger test and the relationships between season, sex, and age by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: We noted significant monthly seasonal variation in the incidence of infection, which was the highest in January and February (23 and 18 infections, respectively; P=0.018) and lowest from August to November (9, 9, 11, and 8 infections, in that order). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that infections were most frequent among women in spring (odds ratio, 8.43; P=0.005). Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus spp. infections were more frequent in warmer seasons than in winter. Less virulent species, namely, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp., Corynebacterium spp., and Enterococcus spp., were frequently detected in winter. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. and Haemophilus influenzae were more frequent in women and men, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of late-onset bleb-related infection showed significant seasonal variation and sex differences. The climate in Japan may influence the incidence of bleb-related infection. Moreover, besides climate, physical activity level and lifestyle may contribute to the seasonal variation in the incidence and sex differences in the involved bacterial agents of bleb-related infections in Japan.
PURPOSE: To investigate seasonal variations in the incidence of late-onset bleb-related infection after filtering surgery in Japan and the relationship between season and other factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This multicenter, prospective study is part of a 5-year-long Japan Glaucoma Society survey of bleb-related infection. We analyzed 156 cases of first-time infections (106 men, 50 women) encountered over 5 years to determine the seasonal variation using the Roger test and the relationships between season, sex, and age by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: We noted significant monthly seasonal variation in the incidence of infection, which was the highest in January and February (23 and 18 infections, respectively; P=0.018) and lowest from August to November (9, 9, 11, and 8 infections, in that order). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that infections were most frequent among women in spring (odds ratio, 8.43; P=0.005). Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus spp. infections were more frequent in warmer seasons than in winter. Less virulent species, namely, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp., Corynebacterium spp., and Enterococcus spp., were frequently detected in winter. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. and Haemophilus influenzae were more frequent in women and men, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of late-onset bleb-related infection showed significant seasonal variation and sex differences. The climate in Japan may influence the incidence of bleb-related infection. Moreover, besides climate, physical activity level and lifestyle may contribute to the seasonal variation in the incidence and sex differences in the involved bacterial agents of bleb-related infections in Japan.
Authors: Christina E Morettin; Daniel K Roberts; Tricia L Newman; Yongyi Yang; Janice M McMahon; Mary Flynn Roberts; Bruce A Teitelbaum; Janis E Winters Journal: J Glaucoma Date: 2021-11-01 Impact factor: 2.503
Authors: Eric G Romanowski; Sanya Yadav; Nicholas A Stella; Kathleen A Yates; John E Romanowski; Deepinder K Dhaliwal; Robert M Q Shanks Journal: Curr Eye Res Date: 2021-12-12 Impact factor: 2.555