Felipe Fernández-Cuenca1, María Tomás2, Francisco-Javier Caballero-Moyano3, Germán Bou2, Luis Martínez-Martínez4, Jordi Vila5, Jerónimo Pachón6, José-Miguel Cisneros6, Jesús Rodríguez-Baño7, Álvaro Pascual3. 1. Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología Clínica y Medicina Preventiva, Hospitales Universitarios Virgen Macarena y Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain felipefc@us.es. 2. Servicio de Microbiología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), A Coruña, Spain Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain. 3. Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología Clínica y Medicina Preventiva, Hospitales Universitarios Virgen Macarena y Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain. 4. Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain. 5. Department of Clinical Microbiology, Biomedical Diagnostic Centre (CDB), Hospital Clínic, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ISGlobal, Barcelona Centre for International Health Research (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. 6. Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología Clínica y Medicina Preventiva, Hospitales Universitarios Virgen Macarena y Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Sevilla, Spain. 7. Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología Clínica y Medicina Preventiva, Hospitales Universitarios Virgen Macarena y Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to analyse whether there is an association between reduced susceptibility to biocides in Acinetobacter baumannii and (i) antimicrobial resistance (co-resistance), (ii) prevalent (epidemic) clones, (iii) changes in the fitness or (iv) expression of genes related to efflux pumps and porins. METHODS: Susceptibility to biocides and antimicrobials was determined in 49 clonally unrelated isolates of A. baumannii. Biological cost, in terms of mean generation time, was determined by spectrophotometry. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR was used to determine the relative expression of genes encoding several efflux pumps and porins. RESULTS: Reduced susceptibility to chlorhexidine digluconate, benzalkonium chloride and Irgasan(®) was associated with resistance to aminoglycosides, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin (P < 0.05). The MICs of carbapenems, aminoglycosides, doxycycline and ciprofloxacin for isolate Ab70 (epidemic clone) exposed to these biocides increased by ≥2 dilutions. Reduced susceptibility to Orsan(®) was more frequent among prevalent clones than non-prevalent clones (P < 0.05). Mean generation times for Ab70 before and after exposure to benzalkonium chloride were 57.8 and 78.1 min, respectively (P = 0.02). Relative expression of abeS and adeB was increased in Ab46 and Ab70 after exposure to chlorhexidine digluconate, but was decreased for ompA and carO after exposure to Irgasan(®). CONCLUSIONS: Reduced susceptibility to biocides is associated with co-resistance to carbapenems, aminoglycosides, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin. Reduced susceptibility to Orsan(®) may be a marker of prevalent clones. Acquisition of reduced susceptibility to benzalkonium chloride has a biological cost. Exposure to biocides affects the relative expression of genes related to some efflux pump genes (increased expression) or porins (reduced expression).
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to analyse whether there is an association between reduced susceptibility to biocides in Acinetobacter baumannii and (i) antimicrobial resistance (co-resistance), (ii) prevalent (epidemic) clones, (iii) changes in the fitness or (iv) expression of genes related to efflux pumps and porins. METHODS: Susceptibility to biocides and antimicrobials was determined in 49 clonally unrelated isolates of A. baumannii. Biological cost, in terms of mean generation time, was determined by spectrophotometry. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR was used to determine the relative expression of genes encoding several efflux pumps and porins. RESULTS: Reduced susceptibility to chlorhexidine digluconate, benzalkonium chloride and Irgasan(®) was associated with resistance to aminoglycosides, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin (P < 0.05). The MICs of carbapenems, aminoglycosides, doxycycline and ciprofloxacin for isolate Ab70 (epidemic clone) exposed to these biocides increased by ≥2 dilutions. Reduced susceptibility to Orsan(®) was more frequent among prevalent clones than non-prevalent clones (P < 0.05). Mean generation times for Ab70 before and after exposure to benzalkonium chloride were 57.8 and 78.1 min, respectively (P = 0.02). Relative expression of abeS and adeB was increased in Ab46 and Ab70 after exposure to chlorhexidine digluconate, but was decreased for ompA and carO after exposure to Irgasan(®). CONCLUSIONS: Reduced susceptibility to biocides is associated with co-resistance to carbapenems, aminoglycosides, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin. Reduced susceptibility to Orsan(®) may be a marker of prevalent clones. Acquisition of reduced susceptibility to benzalkonium chloride has a biological cost. Exposure to biocides affects the relative expression of genes related to some efflux pump genes (increased expression) or porins (reduced expression).
Authors: R Alvarez-Marin; M Aires-de-Sousa; P Nordmann; N Kieffer; L Poirel Journal: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis Date: 2017-08-19 Impact factor: 3.267
Authors: A Renzoni; E Von Dach; C Landelle; S M Diene; C Manzano; R Gonzales; W Abdelhady; C P Randall; E J Bonetti; D Baud; A J O'Neill; A Bayer; A Cherkaoui; J Schrenzel; S Harbarth; P François Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 2017-09-22 Impact factor: 5.191
Authors: Laura Fernández-García; Felipe Fernandez-Cuenca; Germán Bou; María Tomás; Lucía Blasco; Rafael López-Rojas; Anton Ambroa; María Lopez; Álvaro Pascual Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 2018-04-26 Impact factor: 5.191
Authors: Amanda R Smith; Maureen Vowles; Roberta Z Horth; Lori Smith; Linda Rider; Jennifer M Wagner; Anna Sangster; Erin L Young; Hailey Schuckel; James Stewart; Randon J Gruninger; Alessandro Rossi; Kelly F Oakeson; Allyn K Nakashima Journal: Am J Infect Control Date: 2020-11-17 Impact factor: 2.918
Authors: Branden S J Gregorchuk; Shelby L Reimer; Kari A C Green; Nicola H Cartwright; Daniel R Beniac; Shannon L Hiebert; Timothy F Booth; Patrick M Chong; Garrett R Westmacott; George G Zhanel; Denice C Bay Journal: Front Mol Biosci Date: 2021-05-19