Sylvia Becker-Dreps1, Christine E Kistler1,2, Kimberly Ward2, Ley A Killeya-Jones1, Olga Maria Better3, David J Weber4, Sheryl Zimmerman2,5, Bradly P Nicholson6, Chris W Woods7, Philip Sloane1,2. 1. Department of Family Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. 2. Program on Aging, Disability, and Long-Term Care, Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. 3. Department of Medicine, Center for Applied Genomics and Precision Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. 4. Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. 5. School of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. 6. Institute for Medical Research, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina. 7. Infectious Diseases Section, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate pneumococcal immunization in older adults living in retirement communities and to measure nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae to better assess the potential for herd protection from the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-13) in these settings. DESIGN: Cross-sectional observational study of adults aged 65 and older living in retirement communities to determine coverage with 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PPSV-23), coverage with PCV-13 in immuncompromised individuals according to 2012 Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) guidelines, and nasopharyngeal carriage of S. pneumoniae. SETTING: Two retirement communities in North Carolina. PARTICIPANTS: Older adults recruited between December 2013 and April 2014 (N = 21, 64.8% female, mean age 81.4). MEASUREMENTS: A survey was used to assess chronic illnesses, immunization history, and potential risk factors for pneumococcal carriage; a chart review was used to confirm immunization history and abstract chronic conditions; and a nasopharyngeal swab was collected and cultured for S. pneumoniae. RESULTS: Eighty-seven percent of participants reported receiving PPSV-23 since age 65. Of the 16.2% of participants with an immunocompromising condition, only one had received PCV-13. Nasopharyngeal carriage with S. pneumoniae was detected in 1.9% (95% confidence interval = 0.0-3.8%) of participants. CONCLUSION: In this select sample, PPSV-23 coverage was high, but adherence to the ACIP recommendation for PCV-13 in immunocompromised groups was low. Nasopharyngeal carriage of S. pneumoniae was present, although infrequent, suggesting that immunization with PCV-13 could provide an individual benefit and a small degree of herd protection.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate pneumococcal immunization in older adults living in retirement communities and to measure nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae to better assess the potential for herd protection from the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-13) in these settings. DESIGN: Cross-sectional observational study of adults aged 65 and older living in retirement communities to determine coverage with 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PPSV-23), coverage with PCV-13 in immuncompromised individuals according to 2012 Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) guidelines, and nasopharyngeal carriage of S. pneumoniae. SETTING: Two retirement communities in North Carolina. PARTICIPANTS: Older adults recruited between December 2013 and April 2014 (N = 21, 64.8% female, mean age 81.4). MEASUREMENTS: A survey was used to assess chronic illnesses, immunization history, and potential risk factors for pneumococcal carriage; a chart review was used to confirm immunization history and abstract chronic conditions; and a nasopharyngeal swab was collected and cultured for S. pneumoniae. RESULTS: Eighty-seven percent of participants reported receiving PPSV-23 since age 65. Of the 16.2% of participants with an immunocompromising condition, only one had received PCV-13. Nasopharyngeal carriage with S. pneumoniae was detected in 1.9% (95% confidence interval = 0.0-3.8%) of participants. CONCLUSION: In this select sample, PPSV-23 coverage was high, but adherence to the ACIP recommendation for PCV-13 in immunocompromised groups was low. Nasopharyngeal carriage of S. pneumoniae was present, although infrequent, suggesting that immunization with PCV-13 could provide an individual benefit and a small degree of herd protection.
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Authors: Emma L Smith; India Wheeler; Hugh Adler; Daniela M Ferreira; Raquel Sá-Leão; Osman Abdullahi; Ifedayo Adetifa; Sylvia Becker-Dreps; Susanna Esposito; Helmia Farida; Rama Kandasamy; Grant A Mackenzie; J Pekka Nuorti; Susan Nzenze; Shabir A Madhi; Omar Ortega; Anna Roca; Dodi Safari; Frieder Schaumburg; Effua Usuf; Elisabeth A M Sanders; Lindsay R Grant; Laura L Hammitt; Katherine L O'Brien; Prabhu Gounder; Dana J T Bruden; Michelle C Stanton; Jamie Rylance Journal: J Infect Date: 2020-06-17 Impact factor: 6.072
Authors: Elissavet Nikolaou; Esther L German; Annie Blizard; Ashleigh Howard; Lisa Hitchins; Tao Chen; Jim Chadwick; Sherin Pojar; Elena Mitsi; Carla Solórzano; Syba Sunny; Felicity Dunne; Jenna F Gritzfeld; Hugh Adler; Jason Hinds; Katherine A Gould; Jamie Rylance; Andrea M Collins; Stephen B Gordon; Daniela M Ferreira Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2021-09-14 Impact factor: 4.379