Sensitive Structural Control of Macrocycle Threading by a Fluorescent Squaraine Dye Flanked by Polymer Chains.

A macrocyclic tetralactam is threaded by a complementary squaraine dye that is flanked by two polyethylene glycol chains to produce a pseudorotaxane complex with favorable near-infrared fluorescence properties. The association thermodynamics and kinetics were measured for a homologous series of squaraines with different N-alkyl substituents at both ends of the dye. The results show that subtle changes in substituent steric size have profound effects on threading kinetics without greatly altering the very high association constant.