BACKGROUND: Eight natural products from animal, unicellular algae, brown seaweed and plant origins were chosen according to their theoretical antimicrobial activity: Diatomaceous earths (DE), insoluble chitosan (ICHI), soluble chitosan (CHI), seaweed meal (SWM), Ascophyllum nodosum (ASC), Laminaria digitata (LAM), neem oil (NOIL) and an ivy fruit extract rich in saponins (IVY). Dose-response incubations were conducted to determine their effect on rumen fermentation pattern and gas production, while their anti-protozoal activity was tested using (14) C-labelled bacteria. RESULTS: DE, SWM, NOIL and ICHI had very small effects on rumen function when used at inclusion rate up to 2 g L(-1) . ASC had anti-protozoal effects (up to -23%) promoting a decrease in gas production and methanogenesis (-15%). LAM increased VFA production (+7%) and shifted from butyrate to acetate. CHI also shifted fermentation towards propionate production and lower methane (-23%) and protozoal activity (-56%). IVY decreased protozoal activity (-39%) and ammonia concentration (-56%), as well as increased feed fermentation (+11% VFA concentration) and shifted from acetate to propionate production. CONCLUSIONS: ASC, LAM, CHI and IVY showed promising potential in vitro as feed additives to improve rumen function, thus more research is needed to investigate their mode of action in the rumen microbial ecosystem.
BACKGROUND: Eight natural products from animal, unicellular algae, brown seaweed and plant origins were chosen according to their theoretical antimicrobial activity: Diatomaceous earths (DE), insoluble chitosan (ICHI), soluble chitosan (CHI), seaweed meal (SWM), Ascophyllum nodosum (ASC), Laminaria digitata (LAM), neem oil (NOIL) and an ivy fruit extract rich in saponins (IVY). Dose-response incubations were conducted to determine their effect on rumen fermentation pattern and gas production, while their anti-protozoal activity was tested using (14) C-labelled bacteria. RESULTS: DE, SWM, NOIL and ICHI had very small effects on rumen function when used at inclusion rate up to 2 g L(-1) . ASC had anti-protozoal effects (up to -23%) promoting a decrease in gas production and methanogenesis (-15%). LAM increased VFA production (+7%) and shifted from butyrate to acetate. CHI also shifted fermentation towards propionate production and lower methane (-23%) and protozoal activity (-56%). IVY decreased protozoal activity (-39%) and ammonia concentration (-56%), as well as increased feed fermentation (+11% VFA concentration) and shifted from acetate to propionate production. CONCLUSIONS:ASC, LAM, CHI and IVY showed promising potential in vitro as feed additives to improve rumen function, thus more research is needed to investigate their mode of action in the rumen microbial ecosystem.
Authors: Jenna M Sarich; Kim Stanford; Karen S Schwartzkopf-Genswein; Robert J Gruninger; Tim A McAllister; Sarah J Meale; Barry R Blakley; Gregory B Penner; Gabriel O Ribeiro Journal: J Anim Sci Date: 2022-09-01 Impact factor: 3.338
Authors: Rafael Jiménez-Ocampo; María Denisse Montoya-Flores; Esperanza Herrera-Torres; Gerardo Pámanes-Carrasco; Jeyder Israel Arceo-Castillo; Sara Stephanie Valencia-Salazar; Jacobo Arango; Carlos Fernando Aguilar-Pérez; Luis Ramírez-Avilés; Francisco Javier Solorio-Sánchez; Ángel Trinidad Piñeiro-Vázquez; Juan Carlos Ku-Vera Journal: Animals (Basel) Date: 2021-05-28 Impact factor: 2.752
Authors: Eva Ramos-Morales; Gabriel de la Fuente; Robert J Nash; Radek Braganca; Stephane Duval; Marc E Bouillon; Martina Lahmann; C Jamie Newbold Journal: PLoS One Date: 2017-09-08 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Ana de la Moneda; Maria Dolores Carro; Martin R Weisbjerg; Michael Y Roleda; Vibeke Lind; Margarita Novoa-Garrido; Eduarda Molina-Alcaide Journal: Animals (Basel) Date: 2019-10-22 Impact factor: 2.752