Celia P Kaplan1, Anna Maria Nápoles2, Steven Narine3, Steven Gregorich4, Jennifer Livaudais-Toman4, Tung Nguyen2, Yan Leykin5, Mack Roach6, Eric J Small7. 1. Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine,University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center,University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, USA. Electronic address: celia.kaplan@ucsf.edu. 2. Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine,University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center,University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, USA. 3. Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center,University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, USA. 4. Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine,University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, USA. 5. Department of Psychiatry,University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, USA. 6. Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, USA. 7. Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center,University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology,University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Enrollment of minorities in clinical trials remains low. Through a California population-based study of men with early stage prostate cancer, we examined the relationships between race/ethnicity and 1) attitudes, 2) knowledge and 3) willingness to participate in clinical trials. METHODS: From November 2011-November 2012, we identified all incident cases of prostate cancer in African American, Latino, and Asian American men ages 18-75 years, and a random sample of white men diagnosed in 2008, through the California Cancer Registry, living within 60 miles of a site offering ≥ 1 clinical trial. Participants completed a 30-min telephone interview in English, Spanish, or Chinese. In this cross-sectional population-based study, multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate associations between race/ethnicity and 1) attitudes, 2) knowledge and 3) willingness to participate. RESULTS: Of 855 participants, 52% were ≥ 65 years, 42% were white, 24% Latino, 19% African American and 15% Asian American. The majority (81%) had medium-to-high health literacy. Compared to non-Latino white men, African American men were less likely to have above average knowledge of clinical trials (OR=0.55; CI=0.35-0.86), as were Asian American (OR=0.55; CI=0.33-0.93) and Latino men (OR=0.30; CI=0.18-0.48). There were no racial/ethnic differences in willingness to participate. The attitude that "researchers are the main beneficiaries" was negatively associated with willingness (OR=0.63; CI=0.43-0.93); the attitude that "patients are the main beneficiaries" was positively associated with willingness to participate (OR=1.57; CI=1.07-2.29). CONCLUSIONS: Men with early stage prostate cancer are willing to take part in clinical trials and this willingness does not vary by race/ethnicity.
BACKGROUND: Enrollment of minorities in clinical trials remains low. Through a California population-based study of men with early stage prostate cancer, we examined the relationships between race/ethnicity and 1) attitudes, 2) knowledge and 3) willingness to participate in clinical trials. METHODS: From November 2011-November 2012, we identified all incident cases of prostate cancer in African American, Latino, and Asian American men ages 18-75 years, and a random sample of white men diagnosed in 2008, through the California Cancer Registry, living within 60 miles of a site offering ≥ 1 clinical trial. Participants completed a 30-min telephone interview in English, Spanish, or Chinese. In this cross-sectional population-based study, multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate associations between race/ethnicity and 1) attitudes, 2) knowledge and 3) willingness to participate. RESULTS: Of 855 participants, 52% were ≥ 65 years, 42% were white, 24% Latino, 19% African American and 15% Asian American. The majority (81%) had medium-to-high health literacy. Compared to non-Latino white men, African American men were less likely to have above average knowledge of clinical trials (OR=0.55; CI=0.35-0.86), as were Asian American (OR=0.55; CI=0.33-0.93) and Latino men (OR=0.30; CI=0.18-0.48). There were no racial/ethnic differences in willingness to participate. The attitude that "researchers are the main beneficiaries" was negatively associated with willingness (OR=0.63; CI=0.43-0.93); the attitude that "patients are the main beneficiaries" was positively associated with willingness to participate (OR=1.57; CI=1.07-2.29). CONCLUSIONS:Men with early stage prostate cancer are willing to take part in clinical trials and this willingness does not vary by race/ethnicity.
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