A M Kilale1, B J Ngowi2, G S Mfinanga2, S Egwaga3, B Doulla4, A M V Kumar5, M Khogali6, J van Griensven7, A D Harries8, R Zachariah9, S G Hinderaker10. 1. National Institute for Medical Research, Muhimbili Medical Research Centre, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania ; Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Norway. 2. National Institute for Medical Research, Muhimbili Medical Research Centre, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. 3. National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Program, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. 4. National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Program, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania ; National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Program, Central TB Reference Laboratory, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. 5. International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union), New Delhi, India. 6. Médecins Sans Frontières, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 7. Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium. 8. The Union, Paris, France ; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK. 9. Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), Brussels Operational Center, Luxembourg. 10. Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Norway.
Abstract
SETTING: One reference and three zonal laboratories and 500 health facilities managing retreatment tuberculosis (TB) patients in Tanzania. OBJECTIVES: The National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Programme (NTLP) requires that all notified cases of retreatment TB in Tanzania have sputum samples sent for culture and drug susceptibility testing (DST). This study determined 1) if the number of annually notified retreatment patients corresponded to the number of sputum samples received by the reference laboratories, and 2) the number of culture-positive samples and the number of cases undergoing DST. DESIGN: Nine-year audit of country-wide programme data from 2002 to 2010. RESULTS: Of the 40 940 retreatment TB patients notified by the NTLP, 3871 (10%) had their sputum samples received at the reference and zonal laboratories for culture and DST. A total of 3761 (97%) sputum samples were processed for culture, of which 1589 (42%) were found to be culture-positive and 1415 (89%) had DST performed. CONCLUSIONS: There is a >90% shortfall between notified retreatment cases and numbers of sputum samples received, cultured and assessed for DST at reference and zonal laboratories. Steps needed to address this problem are discussed.
SETTING: One reference and three zonal laboratories and 500 health facilities managing retreatment tuberculosis (TB) patients in Tanzania. OBJECTIVES: The National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Programme (NTLP) requires that all notified cases of retreatment TB in Tanzania have sputum samples sent for culture and drug susceptibility testing (DST). This study determined 1) if the number of annually notified retreatment patients corresponded to the number of sputum samples received by the reference laboratories, and 2) the number of culture-positive samples and the number of cases undergoing DST. DESIGN: Nine-year audit of country-wide programme data from 2002 to 2010. RESULTS: Of the 40 940 retreatment TB patients notified by the NTLP, 3871 (10%) had their sputum samples received at the reference and zonal laboratories for culture and DST. A total of 3761 (97%) sputum samples were processed for culture, of which 1589 (42%) were found to be culture-positive and 1415 (89%) had DST performed. CONCLUSIONS: There is a >90% shortfall between notified retreatment cases and numbers of sputum samples received, cultured and assessed for DST at reference and zonal laboratories. Steps needed to address this problem are discussed.
Authors: S Srinath; B Sharath; K Santosha; S S Chadha; S Roopa; K Chander; F Wares; L S Chauhan; N C Wilson; A D Harries Journal: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis Date: 2011-01 Impact factor: 2.373
Authors: A D Harries; J Michongwe; T E Nyirenda; J R Kemp; S B Squire; A R Ramsay; P Godfrey-Faussett; F M Salaniponi Journal: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis Date: 2004-02 Impact factor: 2.373
Authors: T M Chonde; D Basra; S G M Mfinanga; N Range; F Lwilla; R P Shirima; A van Deun; M Zignol; F G Cobelens; S M Egwaga; F van Leth Journal: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis Date: 2010-08 Impact factor: 2.373
Authors: M Edginton; D Enarson; R Zachariah; T Reid; S Satyanarayana; K Bissell; S G Hinderaker; T Harries Journal: Public Health Action Date: 2012-03-21
Authors: G S Mfinanga; E Ngadaya; R Mtandu; B Mutayoba; D Basra; G Kimaro; T M Chonde; P Ngowi; S Mfaume; A M Kilale; S Egwaga; A Y Kitua Journal: Tanzan Health Res Bull Date: 2007-09
Authors: Erik von Elm; Douglas G Altman; Matthias Egger; Stuart J Pocock; Peter C Gøtzsche; Jan P Vandenbroucke Journal: Ann Intern Med Date: 2007-10-16 Impact factor: 25.391
Authors: Saidi Egwaga; Abdallah Mkopi; Nyagosya Range; Vera Haag-Arbenz; Amuri Baraka; Penny Grewal; Frank Cobelens; Hassan Mshinda; Fred Lwilla; Frank van Leth Journal: BMC Med Date: 2009-12-21 Impact factor: 8.775
Authors: Marcos Burgos; Kathryn DeRiemer; Peter M Small; Philip C Hopewell; Charles L Daley Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2003-12-09 Impact factor: 5.226
Authors: Anna Vassall; Sanne van Kampen; Hojoon Sohn; Joy S Michael; K R John; Saskia den Boon; J Lucian Davis; Andrew Whitelaw; Mark P Nicol; Maria Tarcela Gler; Anar Khaliqov; Carlos Zamudio; Mark D Perkins; Catharina C Boehme; Frank Cobelens Journal: PLoS Med Date: 2011-11-08 Impact factor: 11.069
Authors: A M V Kumar; S Satyanarayana; S Dar Berger; S S Chadha; R J Singh; P Lal; J Tonsing; A D Harries Journal: Public Health Action Date: 2015-03-21
Authors: M B Tharu; A D Harries; S Goel; S Srivastava; A M V Kumar; M Adhikari; B Shrestha; B Maharjan; H Khadka Journal: Public Health Action Date: 2014-03-21
Authors: K Charambira; S Ade; A D Harries; R T Ncube; C Zishiri; C Sandy; H Mutunzi; K Takarinda; P Owiti; P Mafaune; P Chonzi Journal: Public Health Action Date: 2016-06-21
Authors: H D Shewade; S Govindarajan; P Thekkur; C Palanivel; M Muthaiah; A M V Kumar; V Gupta; B N Sharath; J P Tripathy; K Vivekananda; G Roy Journal: Public Health Action Date: 2016-12-21
Authors: H D Shewade; K S Shringarpure; M Parmar; N Patel; S Kuriya; S Shihora; N Ninama; N Gosai; R Khokhariya; C Popat; H Thanki; B Modi; P Dave; R K Baxi; A M V Kumar Journal: Public Health Action Date: 2018-06-21
Authors: H D Shewade; S Govindarajan; B N Sharath; J P Tripathy; P Chinnakali; A M V Kumar; M Muthaiah; K Vivekananda; A K Paulraj; G Roy Journal: Public Health Action Date: 2015-06-21