BACKGROUND: A number of polymorphisms in vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) (GC) gene have been implicated in risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the results were controversial. GC1F, GC1S, and GC2 are three common variants of the VDBP gene [single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): rs7041 and rs4588], which were reported to be associated with COPD. This study aimed to explore the association between VDBP gene polymorphisms and COPD. METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science (Medline) and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched for eligible case-control studies. Study quality was evaluated using the Newcastle-ottawa quality assessment scale (NOS). After the most appreciated genetic model was identified, a meta-analysis was performed to test the association between VDBP gene polymorphism and COPD. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) were performed respectively for the most appreciated genetic model, single allele comparison and homozygous gene model analysis. Summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) analyses were applied to evaluate the diagnostic performance of polymorphism of VDBP to COPD. RESULTS: Eight studies containing 2,216 participants were included. The analyses of the most appropriate genetic models offered significant results in recessive model of GC1F/1S group (OR =2.18), co-dominant genetic model in GC1F/2 group (1F-1F vs. 2-2: OR =4.87; 1F-2 vs. 2-2: OR =1.73; 1F-1F vs. 1F-2: OR =2.27). In single allele comparison, significant results were obtained in GC1F vs. GC1S and GC1F vs. GC2, with ORs were 1.47 and 1.77, respectively. In homozygous genes comparison, the OR was 2.51 in GC1F homozygote vs. other genotypes. Subgroup analyses offered the same significant results in Asian population, but not in Caucasian population. The SROC analyses showed the less accurate performance of polymorphism of VDBP to COPD. CONCLUSIONS: There is a close association between COPD and GC gene polymorphisms. The GC1F allele could be a risk factor, the GC1S and GC2 allele may be protective factors in Asian, but not in Caucasians.
BACKGROUND: A number of polymorphisms in vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) (GC) gene have been implicated in risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the results were controversial. GC1F, GC1S, and GC2 are three common variants of the VDBP gene [single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): rs7041 and rs4588], which were reported to be associated with COPD. This study aimed to explore the association between VDBP gene polymorphisms and COPD. METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science (Medline) and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched for eligible case-control studies. Study quality was evaluated using the Newcastle-ottawa quality assessment scale (NOS). After the most appreciated genetic model was identified, a meta-analysis was performed to test the association between VDBP gene polymorphism and COPD. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) were performed respectively for the most appreciated genetic model, single allele comparison and homozygous gene model analysis. Summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) analyses were applied to evaluate the diagnostic performance of polymorphism of VDBP to COPD. RESULTS: Eight studies containing 2,216 participants were included. The analyses of the most appropriate genetic models offered significant results in recessive model of GC1F/1S group (OR =2.18), co-dominant genetic model in GC1F/2 group (1F-1F vs. 2-2: OR =4.87; 1F-2 vs. 2-2: OR =1.73; 1F-1F vs. 1F-2: OR =2.27). In single allele comparison, significant results were obtained in GC1F vs. GC1S and GC1F vs. GC2, with ORs were 1.47 and 1.77, respectively. In homozygous genes comparison, the OR was 2.51 in GC1F homozygote vs. other genotypes. Subgroup analyses offered the same significant results in Asian population, but not in Caucasian population. The SROC analyses showed the less accurate performance of polymorphism of VDBP to COPD. CONCLUSIONS: There is a close association between COPD and GC gene polymorphisms. The GC1F allele could be a risk factor, the GC1S and GC2 allele may be protective factors in Asian, but not in Caucasians.
Authors: Daan W Loth; María Soler Artigas; Sina A Gharib; Louise V Wain; Nora Franceschini; Beate Koch; Tess D Pottinger; Albert Vernon Smith; Qing Duan; Chris Oldmeadow; Mi Kyeong Lee; David P Strachan; Alan L James; Jennifer E Huffman; Veronique Vitart; Adaikalavan Ramasamy; Nicholas J Wareham; Jaakko Kaprio; Xin-Qun Wang; Holly Trochet; Mika Kähönen; Claudia Flexeder; Eva Albrecht; Lorna M Lopez; Kim de Jong; Bharat Thyagarajan; Alexessander Couto Alves; Stefan Enroth; Ernst Omenaas; Peter K Joshi; Tove Fall; Ana Viñuela; Lenore J Launer; Laura R Loehr; Myriam Fornage; Guo Li; Jemma B Wilk; Wenbo Tang; Ani Manichaikul; Lies Lahousse; Tamara B Harris; Kari E North; Alicja R Rudnicka; Jennie Hui; Xiangjun Gu; Thomas Lumley; Alan F Wright; Nicholas D Hastie; Susan Campbell; Rajesh Kumar; Isabelle Pin; Robert A Scott; Kirsi H Pietiläinen; Ida Surakka; Yongmei Liu; Elizabeth G Holliday; Holger Schulz; Joachim Heinrich; Gail Davies; Judith M Vonk; Mary Wojczynski; Anneli Pouta; Asa Johansson; Sarah H Wild; Erik Ingelsson; Fernando Rivadeneira; Henry Völzke; Pirro G Hysi; Gudny Eiriksdottir; Alanna C Morrison; Jerome I Rotter; Wei Gao; Dirkje S Postma; Wendy B White; Stephen S Rich; Albert Hofman; Thor Aspelund; David Couper; Lewis J Smith; Bruce M Psaty; Kurt Lohman; Esteban G Burchard; André G Uitterlinden; Melissa Garcia; Bonnie R Joubert; Wendy L McArdle; A Bill Musk; Nadia Hansel; Susan R Heckbert; Lina Zgaga; Joyce B J van Meurs; Pau Navarro; Igor Rudan; Yeon-Mok Oh; Susan Redline; Deborah L Jarvis; Jing Hua Zhao; Taina Rantanen; George T O'Connor; Samuli Ripatti; Rodney J Scott; Stefan Karrasch; Harald Grallert; Nathan C Gaddis; John M Starr; Cisca Wijmenga; Ryan L Minster; David J Lederer; Juha Pekkanen; Ulf Gyllensten; Harry Campbell; Andrew P Morris; Sven Gläser; Christopher J Hammond; Kristin M Burkart; John Beilby; Stephen B Kritchevsky; Vilmundur Gudnason; Dana B Hancock; O Dale Williams; Ozren Polasek; Tatijana Zemunik; Ivana Kolcic; Marcy F Petrini; Matthias Wjst; Woo Jin Kim; David J Porteous; Generation Scotland; Blair H Smith; Anne Viljanen; Markku Heliövaara; John R Attia; Ian Sayers; Regina Hampel; Christian Gieger; Ian J Deary; H Marike Boezen; Anne Newman; Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin; James F Wilson; Lars Lind; Bruno H Stricker; Alexander Teumer; Timothy D Spector; Erik Melén; Marjolein J Peters; Leslie A Lange; R Graham Barr; Ken R Bracke; Fien M Verhamme; Joohon Sung; Pieter S Hiemstra; Patricia A Cassano; Akshay Sood; Caroline Hayward; Josée Dupuis; Ian P Hall; Guy G Brusselle; Martin D Tobin; Stephanie J London Journal: Nat Genet Date: 2014-06-15 Impact factor: 38.330