Jeanette C Mostert1,2, Martine Hoogman1, A Marten H Onnink1, Daan van Rooij3, Daniel von Rhein3, Kimm J E van Hulzen1, Janneke Dammers1, Cornelis C Kan4, Jan K Buitelaar4,5, David G Norris2, Barbara Franke1,3,4. 1. 1 Radboud university medical center, Department of Human Genetics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. 2. 2 Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. 3. 3 Radboud university medical center, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. 4. 4 Radboud university medical center, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. 5. 5 Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To characterize heterogeneity in adults with ADHD we aimed to identify subgroups within the adult ADHD spectrum, which differ in their cognitive profile. METHOD: Neuropsychological data from adults with ADHD ( n = 133) and healthy control participants ( n = 132) were used in a confirmatory factor analysis. The resulting six cognitive factors were correlated across participants to form networks. We used a community detection algorithm to cluster these networks into subgroups. RESULTS: Both the ADHD and control group separated into three profiles that differed in cognitive performance. Profile 1 was characterized by aberrant attention and inhibition, profile 2 by increased delay discounting, and profile 3 by atypical working memory and verbal fluency. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that qualitative differences in neuropsychological performance exist in both control and ADHD adult individuals. This extends prior findings in children with and without ADHD and provides a framework to parse participants into well-defined subgroups.
OBJECTIVE: To characterize heterogeneity in adults with ADHD we aimed to identify subgroups within the adult ADHD spectrum, which differ in their cognitive profile. METHOD: Neuropsychological data from adults with ADHD ( n = 133) and healthy control participants ( n = 132) were used in a confirmatory factor analysis. The resulting six cognitive factors were correlated across participants to form networks. We used a community detection algorithm to cluster these networks into subgroups. RESULTS: Both the ADHD and control group separated into three profiles that differed in cognitive performance. Profile 1 was characterized by aberrant attention and inhibition, profile 2 by increased delay discounting, and profile 3 by atypical working memory and verbal fluency. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that qualitative differences in neuropsychological performance exist in both control and ADHD adult individuals. This extends prior findings in children with and without ADHD and provides a framework to parse participants into well-defined subgroups.
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