Der-Chong Tsai1, Shih-Jen Chen2, Chin-Chou Huang3, May-Kang Yuan4, Hsin-Bang Leu5. 1. Department of Ophthalmology, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan; National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. 2. National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. 3. National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. 4. National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Radiology, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan. 5. National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Healthcare and Management Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: hbleu@vghtpe.gov.tw.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and future development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) or senile dementia. DESIGN: A longitudinal case-control study using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. PARTICIPANTS: From 2001 to 2009, the newly diagnosed AMD cases aged ≥65 years in the database were recruited as the AMD cohort (n=4993). Of those, there were 540 with and 4453 without exudative AMD diagnoses. Subjects without any AMD, matched for age, gender, and time of enrollment, were randomly sampled as the control cohort (n=24,965) for comparison. METHODS: Alzheimer's disease/senile dementia-free survival analysis was assessed using a Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazard regressions were performed to calculate the hazard ratios (HR) of AD or senile dementia for the 2 cohorts after adjusting for preexisting comorbidities and number of clinical visits. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The first-ever diagnosis of AD or senile dementia during the observation period. RESULTS: Of the 29 958 sampled subjects, 1589 (5.3%) were diagnosed with AD or senile dementia during a mean follow-up period of 4.4 years, including 294 (5.9%) from the AMD cohort and 1295 (5.2%) from the control cohort. The incidence of AD or senile dementia was higher in patients with AMD than in the controls (P=0.044), with an HR of 1.44 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26-1.64) after adjusting for covariates. The stratified analysis showed that the adjusted HR for AD or senile dementia was 1.35 (95% CI, 0.89-2.06) for exudative AMD versus the controls and 1.44 (95% CI, 1.26-1.65) for nonexudative AMD versus the controls. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides large-scale, population-based evidence that AMD, especially nonexudative AMD, is independently associated with an increased risk of subsequent AD or senile dementia development.
PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and future development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) or senile dementia. DESIGN: A longitudinal case-control study using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. PARTICIPANTS: From 2001 to 2009, the newly diagnosed AMD cases aged ≥65 years in the database were recruited as the AMD cohort (n=4993). Of those, there were 540 with and 4453 without exudative AMD diagnoses. Subjects without any AMD, matched for age, gender, and time of enrollment, were randomly sampled as the control cohort (n=24,965) for comparison. METHODS:Alzheimer's disease/senile dementia-free survival analysis was assessed using a Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazard regressions were performed to calculate the hazard ratios (HR) of AD or senile dementia for the 2 cohorts after adjusting for preexisting comorbidities and number of clinical visits. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The first-ever diagnosis of AD or senile dementia during the observation period. RESULTS: Of the 29 958 sampled subjects, 1589 (5.3%) were diagnosed with AD or senile dementia during a mean follow-up period of 4.4 years, including 294 (5.9%) from the AMD cohort and 1295 (5.2%) from the control cohort. The incidence of AD or senile dementia was higher in patients with AMD than in the controls (P=0.044), with an HR of 1.44 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26-1.64) after adjusting for covariates. The stratified analysis showed that the adjusted HR for AD or senile dementia was 1.35 (95% CI, 0.89-2.06) for exudative AMD versus the controls and 1.44 (95% CI, 1.26-1.65) for nonexudative AMD versus the controls. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides large-scale, population-based evidence that AMD, especially nonexudative AMD, is independently associated with an increased risk of subsequent AD or senile dementia development.
Authors: Cecilia S Lee; Eric B Larson; Laura E Gibbons; Caitlin S Latimer; Shannon E Rose; Leanne L Hellstern; C Dirk Keene; Paul K Crane Journal: J Alzheimers Dis Date: 2019 Impact factor: 4.472
Authors: Cecilia S Lee; Eric B Larson; Laura E Gibbons; Aaron Y Lee; Susan M McCurry; James D Bowen; Wayne C McCormick; Paul K Crane Journal: Alzheimers Dement Date: 2018-08-08 Impact factor: 21.566
Authors: Phillip H Hwang; Will T Longstreth; Stephen M Thielke; Courtney E Francis; Marco Carone; Lewis H Kuller; Annette L Fitzpatrick Journal: Alzheimers Dement Date: 2021-03-31 Impact factor: 21.566
Authors: Jimmy T Le; Elvira Agrón; Tiarnan D L Keenan; Traci E Clemons; Willa D Brenowitz; Kristine Yaffe; Emily Y Chew Journal: Alzheimers Dement Date: 2021-11-10 Impact factor: 16.655
Authors: Xintong Zuo; Jie Zhuang; Nan-Kuei Chen; Scott Cousins; Priscila Cunha; Eleonora M Lad; David J Madden; Guy Potter; Heather E Whitson Journal: Neurobiol Aging Date: 2020-07-30 Impact factor: 5.133