Domnique Newallo1, Felix G Meinel2, U Joseph Schoepf3, Stefan Baumann4, Carlo N De Cecco5, Rebecca J Leddy6, Rozemarijn Vliegenthart7, Helge Möllmann8, Christian W Hamm9, Pamela B Morris10, Matthias Renker11. 1. Heart & Vascular Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. Electronic address: newallo@musc.edu. 2. Heart & Vascular Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Institute for Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Munich, Germany. Electronic address: felix.meinel@med.uni-muenchen.de. 3. Heart & Vascular Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. Electronic address: schoepf@musc.edu. 4. Heart & Vascular Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany. Electronic address: stefanbaumann@gmx.at. 5. Heart & Vascular Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. Electronic address: dececco@musc.edu. 6. Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. Electronic address: leddyr@musc.edu. 7. Heart & Vascular Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Medical Imaging - North East Netherlands, Department of Radiology, Groningen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: r.vliegenthart@umcg.nl. 8. Kerckhoff Heart and Thorax Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany. Electronic address: h.moellmann@kerckhoff-klinik.de. 9. Kerckhoff Heart and Thorax Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany; Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Giessen, Germany. Electronic address: c.hamm@kerckhoff-klinik.de. 10. Heart & Vascular Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. Electronic address: morrispa@musc.edu. 11. Heart & Vascular Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Giessen, Germany. Electronic address: matthias.renker@web.de.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Accumulating data on predominantly Caucasian women suggests an association between breast arterial calcification (BAC) and coronary artery disease (CAD). We sought to comprehensively examine the correlation between mammographic BAC and CAD endpoints detected by cardiac computed tomography (CCT) in African American (AA) women. METHODS: Consecutive AA women who underwent digital screening mammography and CCT were identified. In blinded fashion, mammographic and CCT studies were reviewed. Patient-related pertinent covariates were assessed. RESULTS: Two-hundred-four AA women (median age, 52.5 years) were included. BAC was present in 42 women (20.6%). BAC was significantly associated with coronary artery calcium score >100 (odds ratio [OR], 7.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.75-21.29; P < 0.001), atherosclerotic luminal narrowing (OR, 9.99; CI, 3.65-27.32; P < 0.001), and stenosis ≥50% (OR, 5.48; CI, 1.97-15.23; P = 0.001) by CCT. CONCLUSION: In AA women, BAC is associated with increased probability of coronary calcification, atherosclerosis, and CAD on CCT.
OBJECTIVE: Accumulating data on predominantly Caucasian women suggests an association between breast arterial calcification (BAC) and coronary artery disease (CAD). We sought to comprehensively examine the correlation between mammographic BAC and CAD endpoints detected by cardiac computed tomography (CCT) in African American (AA) women. METHODS: Consecutive AA women who underwent digital screening mammography and CCT were identified. In blinded fashion, mammographic and CCT studies were reviewed. Patient-related pertinent covariates were assessed. RESULTS: Two-hundred-four AA women (median age, 52.5 years) were included. BAC was present in 42 women (20.6%). BAC was significantly associated with coronary artery calcium score >100 (odds ratio [OR], 7.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.75-21.29; P < 0.001), atherosclerotic luminal narrowing (OR, 9.99; CI, 3.65-27.32; P < 0.001), and stenosis ≥50% (OR, 5.48; CI, 1.97-15.23; P = 0.001) by CCT. CONCLUSION: In AA women, BAC is associated with increased probability of coronary calcification, atherosclerosis, and CAD on CCT.