A bacterial homolog YciH of eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF1 regulates stress-related gene expression and is unlikely to be involved in translation initiation fidelity.

YciH is a bacterial protein, homologous to eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF1. Preceding evidence obtained with the aid of in vitro translation initiation system suggested that it may play a role of a translation initiation factor, ensuring selection against suboptimal initiation complexes. Here we studied the effect of Escherichia coli yciH gene inactivation on translation of model mRNAs. Neither the translation efficiency of leaderless mRNAs, nor mRNAs with non AUG start codons, was found to be affected by YciH in vivo. Comparative proteome analysis revealed that yciH gene knockout leads to a more than fold2- increase in expression of 66 genes and a more than fold2- decrease in the expression of 20 genes. Analysis of these gene sets allowed us to suggest a role of YciH as an inhibitor of translation in a stress response rather than the role of a translation initiation factor.