BACKGROUND: Additive manufacturing using fused deposition modelling (FDM) has become widely available with the development of consumer-grade three-dimensional printers. To be useful in maxillofacial surgery, models created by these printers must accurately reproduce the craniofacial skeleton. OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy of consumer-grade FDM printers in the production of medical models compared with industrial selective laser sintering (SLS) printers. METHODS: Computed tomography images of a dry skull were manipulated using OsiriX (OsiriX, Switzerland) and ZBrush (Pixologic, USA) software. Models were fabricated using a consumer-grade FDM printer at 100 μm, 250 μm and 500 μm layer heights and an industrial SLS printer. Seven linear measurements were made on the models and compared with the corresponding dry skull measurements using an electronic caliper. RESULTS: A dimensional error of 0.30% was observed for the SLS models and 0.44%, 0.52% and 1.1% for the 100 μm, 250 μm and 500 μm FDM models, respectively. CONCLUSION: Consumer-grade FDM printers can produce medical models with sufficient dimensional accuracy for use in maxillofacial surgery. With this technology, surgeons can independently produce low-cost maxillofacial models in an office setting.
BACKGROUND: Additive manufacturing using fused deposition modelling (FDM) has become widely available with the development of consumer-grade three-dimensional printers. To be useful in maxillofacial surgery, models created by these printers must accurately reproduce the craniofacial skeleton. OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy of consumer-grade FDM printers in the production of medical models compared with industrial selective laser sintering (SLS) printers. METHODS: Computed tomography images of a dry skull were manipulated using OsiriX (OsiriX, Switzerland) and ZBrush (Pixologic, USA) software. Models were fabricated using a consumer-grade FDM printer at 100 μm, 250 μm and 500 μm layer heights and an industrial SLS printer. Seven linear measurements were made on the models and compared with the corresponding dry skull measurements using an electronic caliper. RESULTS: A dimensional error of 0.30% was observed for the SLS models and 0.44%, 0.52% and 1.1% for the 100 μm, 250 μm and 500 μm FDM models, respectively. CONCLUSION: Consumer-grade FDM printers can produce medical models with sufficient dimensional accuracy for use in maxillofacial surgery. With this technology, surgeons can independently produce low-cost maxillofacial models in an office setting.
Authors: Eero Huotilainen; Markku Paloheimo; Mika Salmi; Kaija-Stiina Paloheimo; Roy Björkstrand; Jukka Tuomi; Antti Markkola; Antti Mäkitie Journal: Acta Radiol Date: 2013-07-30 Impact factor: 1.990
Authors: Mika Salmi; Kaija-Stiina Paloheimo; Jukka Tuomi; Jan Wolff; Antti Mäkitie Journal: J Craniomaxillofac Surg Date: 2013-01-18 Impact factor: 2.078
Authors: Hermann Seitz; Wolfgang Rieder; Stephan Irsen; Barbara Leukers; Carsten Tille Journal: J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater Date: 2005-08 Impact factor: 3.368
Authors: Matthias C Wurm; Tobias Möst; Bastian Bergauer; Dominik Rietzel; Friedrich Wilhelm Neukam; Sandra C Cifuentes; Cornelius von Wilmowsky Journal: J Biol Eng Date: 2017-09-12 Impact factor: 4.355
Authors: Marco A Rendón-Medina; Laura Andrade-Delgado; Jose E Telich-Tarriba; Antonio Fuente-Del-Campo; Carlos A Altamirano-Arcos Journal: Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open Date: 2018-01-25