Younghoon Kwon1, Sina A Gharib2, Mary L Biggs3, David R Jacobs4, Alvaro Alonso4, Daniel Duprez5, Joao Lima6, Gen-Min Lin7, Elsayed Z Soliman8, Reena Mehra9, Susan Redline10, Susan R Heckbert11. 1. Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. 2. Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. 3. Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. 4. Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. 5. Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. 6. Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. 7. Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA Department of Medicine, Hualien-Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan. 8. Department of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA. 9. Department of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. 10. Departments of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 11. Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Population-based studies have linked measures of sleep disordered breathing to nocturnally occurring atrial fibrillation (AF) episodes. Whether measures of sleep disordered breathing and sleep quality are associated with prevalent AF has not been studied in an unselected population. We investigated the cross-sectional association with prevalent AF of objectively collected prespecified measures of overnight sleep breathing disturbances, sleep stage distributions, arousal and sleep duration. METHODS: AF prevalence, defined by diagnosis codes, study electrocardiography and sleep study were examined among Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) participants who underwent polysomnography in the MESA Sleep Study (n=2048). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Higher apnoea hypopnoea index (AHI) was associated with increased odds of AF, although the significance was attenuated after full adjustment for covariates including prevalent cardiovascular disease (OR: 1.22 (0.99 to 1.49) per SD (17/h), p=0.06). Analyses of sleep architecture measures and AF revealed significantly lower odds of AF associated with longer duration of slow wave sleep (OR: 0.66 (0.5 to 0.89) per SD (34 min), p=0.01) which persisted after additionally adjusting for AHI (OR: 0.68 (0.51 to 0.92), p=0.01). Higher sleep efficiency was significantly associated with lower likelihood of AF but the significance was lost when adjusted for AHI. No significant association was present between sleep duration and AF. In a model including AHI and arousal index, the association between AHI and AF was strengthened (AHI: OR 1.49 (1.15 to 1.91) per SD, p=0.002) and a significant inverse association between arousal index and AF was observed (OR 0.65 (0.50 to 0.86) per SD (12/h), p=0.005). CONCLUSIONS: In a study of a large multiethnic population, AF was associated with AHI severity, and was more common in individuals with poor sleep quality as measured by reduced slow wave sleep time, a finding that was independent of AHI. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.
BACKGROUND: Population-based studies have linked measures of sleep disordered breathing to nocturnally occurring atrial fibrillation (AF) episodes. Whether measures of sleep disordered breathing and sleep quality are associated with prevalent AF has not been studied in an unselected population. We investigated the cross-sectional association with prevalent AF of objectively collected prespecified measures of overnight sleep breathing disturbances, sleep stage distributions, arousal and sleep duration. METHODS:AF prevalence, defined by diagnosis codes, study electrocardiography and sleep study were examined among Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) participants who underwent polysomnography in the MESA Sleep Study (n=2048). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Higher apnoea hypopnoea index (AHI) was associated with increased odds of AF, although the significance was attenuated after full adjustment for covariates including prevalent cardiovascular disease (OR: 1.22 (0.99 to 1.49) per SD (17/h), p=0.06). Analyses of sleep architecture measures and AF revealed significantly lower odds of AF associated with longer duration of slow wave sleep (OR: 0.66 (0.5 to 0.89) per SD (34 min), p=0.01) which persisted after additionally adjusting for AHI (OR: 0.68 (0.51 to 0.92), p=0.01). Higher sleep efficiency was significantly associated with lower likelihood of AF but the significance was lost when adjusted for AHI. No significant association was present between sleep duration and AF. In a model including AHI and arousal index, the association between AHI and AF was strengthened (AHI: OR 1.49 (1.15 to 1.91) per SD, p=0.002) and a significant inverse association between arousal index and AF was observed (OR 0.65 (0.50 to 0.86) per SD (12/h), p=0.005). CONCLUSIONS: In a study of a large multiethnic population, AF was associated with AHI severity, and was more common in individuals with poor sleep quality as measured by reduced slow wave sleep time, a finding that was independent of AHI. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.
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