Ross C Brownson1, Jonathan M Samet2, Gilbert F Chavez3, Megan M Davies4, Sandro Galea5, Robert A Hiatt6, Carlton A Hornung7, Muin J Khoury8, Denise Koo9, Vickie M Mays10, Patrick Remington11, Laura Yarber12. 1. Prevention Research Center in St. Louis, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO; Division of Public Health Sciences and Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO. Electronic address: rbrownson@wustl.edu. 2. Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles. 3. Center for Infectious Diseases, California Department of Public Health, Sacramento. 4. Division of Public Health, North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Raleigh; Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists, Atlanta, GA. 5. School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA. 6. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco. 7. Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. 8. Office of Public Health Genomics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD. 9. Office of Public Health Scientific Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. 10. Department of Psychology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health and UCLA BRITE Center for Science, Research and Policy, Los Angeles CA; Department of Health Policy and Management, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health and UCLA BRITE Center for Science, Research and Policy, Los Angeles CA. 11. Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison. 12. Prevention Research Center in St. Louis, College of Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To identify macro-level trends that are changing the needs of epidemiologic research and practice and to develop and disseminate a set of competencies and recommendations for epidemiologic training that will be responsive to these changing needs. METHODS: There were three stages to the project: (1) assembling of a working group of senior epidemiologists from multiple sectors, (2) identifying relevant literature, and (3) conducting key informant interviews with 15 experienced epidemiologists. RESULTS: Twelve macro trends were identified along with associated actions for the field and educational competencies. The macro trends include the following: (1) "Big Data" or informatics, (2) the changing health communication environment, (3) the Affordable Care Act or health care system reform, (4) shifting demographics, (5) globalization, (6) emerging high-throughput technologies (omics), (7) a greater focus on accountability, (8) privacy changes, (9) a greater focus on "upstream" causes of disease, (10) the emergence of translational sciences, (11) the growing centrality of team and transdisciplinary science, and (12) the evolving funding environment. CONCLUSIONS: Addressing these issues through curricular change is needed to allow the field of epidemiology to more fully reach and sustain its full potential to benefit population health and remain a scientific discipline that makes critical contributions toward ensuring clinical, social, and population health.
PURPOSE: To identify macro-level trends that are changing the needs of epidemiologic research and practice and to develop and disseminate a set of competencies and recommendations for epidemiologic training that will be responsive to these changing needs. METHODS: There were three stages to the project: (1) assembling of a working group of senior epidemiologists from multiple sectors, (2) identifying relevant literature, and (3) conducting key informant interviews with 15 experienced epidemiologists. RESULTS: Twelve macro trends were identified along with associated actions for the field and educational competencies. The macro trends include the following: (1) "Big Data" or informatics, (2) the changing health communication environment, (3) the Affordable Care Act or health care system reform, (4) shifting demographics, (5) globalization, (6) emerging high-throughput technologies (omics), (7) a greater focus on accountability, (8) privacy changes, (9) a greater focus on "upstream" causes of disease, (10) the emergence of translational sciences, (11) the growing centrality of team and transdisciplinary science, and (12) the evolving funding environment. CONCLUSIONS: Addressing these issues through curricular change is needed to allow the field of epidemiology to more fully reach and sustain its full potential to benefit population health and remain a scientific discipline that makes critical contributions toward ensuring clinical, social, and population health.
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