April L Dawson1, Hilda Razzaghi1, Annelise Arth1,2, Mark A Canfield3, Samantha E Parker4, Jennita Reefhuis1. 1. National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia. 2. Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. 3. Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas. 4. Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Our objective was to describe time trends in selected pregnancy exposures in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS). METHODS: We analyzed data from the NBDPS, a multi-site case-control study of major birth defects, for mothers of live-born infants without birth defects (controls), with an expected date of delivery (EDD) from 1998 to 2011. Mothers from the 10 participating centers across the United States were interviewed by phone between 6 weeks and 2 years after the EDD. We focused on maternal race/ethnicity and five maternal risk factors: obesity, use of folic acid-containing multivitamins, opioid analgesics, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and loratadine because of their prevalence of use and some reports of associations with major birth defects. Prevalence time trends were examined using the Kendall's τβ test statistic. RESULTS: The exposure trend analysis included 11,724 control mothers with EDDs from 1998 to 2011. We observed a significant increase in obesity prevalence among control mothers, as well as use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and loratadine. We also observed an increase in periconceptional use of folic acid-containing multivitamins. Some of the time trends varied by race/ethnicity. No remarkable trend in the overall use of opioid analgesics was observed. The racial/ethnic distribution of mothers changed slightly during the study period. CONCLUSION: Long-term, population-based case-control studies continue to be an effective way to assess exposure-birth defects associations and provide guidance to health care providers. However, investigators examining rare outcomes covering many years of data collection need to be cognizant of time trends in exposures.
BACKGROUND: Our objective was to describe time trends in selected pregnancy exposures in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS). METHODS: We analyzed data from the NBDPS, a multi-site case-control study of major birth defects, for mothers of live-born infants without birth defects (controls), with an expected date of delivery (EDD) from 1998 to 2011. Mothers from the 10 participating centers across the United States were interviewed by phone between 6 weeks and 2 years after the EDD. We focused on maternal race/ethnicity and five maternal risk factors: obesity, use of folic acid-containing multivitamins, opioid analgesics, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and loratadine because of their prevalence of use and some reports of associations with major birth defects. Prevalence time trends were examined using the Kendall's τβ test statistic. RESULTS: The exposure trend analysis included 11,724 control mothers with EDDs from 1998 to 2011. We observed a significant increase in obesity prevalence among control mothers, as well as use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and loratadine. We also observed an increase in periconceptional use of folic acid-containing multivitamins. Some of the time trends varied by race/ethnicity. No remarkable trend in the overall use of opioid analgesics was observed. The racial/ethnic distribution of mothers changed slightly during the study period. CONCLUSION: Long-term, population-based case-control studies continue to be an effective way to assess exposure-birth defects associations and provide guidance to health care providers. However, investigators examining rare outcomes covering many years of data collection need to be cognizant of time trends in exposures.
Authors: Allen A Mitchell; Suzanne M Gilboa; Martha M Werler; Katherine E Kelley; Carol Louik; Sonia Hernández-Díaz Journal: Am J Obstet Gynecol Date: 2011-04-22 Impact factor: 8.661
Authors: Adolfo Correa; Suzanne M Gilboa; Lorenzo D Botto; Cynthia A Moore; Charlotte A Hobbs; Mario A Cleves; Tiffany J Riehle-Colarusso; D Kim Waller; E Albert Reece Journal: Am J Obstet Gynecol Date: 2011-12-27 Impact factor: 8.661
Authors: Krista S Crider; Mario A Cleves; Jennita Reefhuis; Robert J Berry; Charlotte A Hobbs; Dale J Hu Journal: Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med Date: 2009-11
Authors: Cheryl S Broussard; Sonja A Rasmussen; Jennita Reefhuis; Jan M Friedman; Michael W Jann; Tiffany Riehle-Colarusso; Margaret A Honein Journal: Am J Obstet Gynecol Date: 2011-02-23 Impact factor: 8.661
Authors: Suzanne M Gilboa; Adolfo Correa; Lorenzo D Botto; Sonja A Rasmussen; D Kim Waller; Charlotte A Hobbs; Mario A Cleves; Tiffany J Riehle-Colarusso Journal: Am J Obstet Gynecol Date: 2009-10-01 Impact factor: 8.661
Authors: Eric A Miller; Sonja A Rasmussen; Anna Maria Siega-Riz; Jaime L Frías; Margaret A Honein Journal: Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet Date: 2010-02-15 Impact factor: 3.908
Authors: Nelson D Pace; Anna Maria Siega-Riz; Andrew F Olshan; Nancy C Chescheir; Stephen R Cole; Tania A Desrosiers; Sarah C Tinker; Adrienne T Hoyt; Mark A Canfield; Suzan L Carmichael; Robert E Meyer Journal: Birth Defects Res Date: 2019-07-19 Impact factor: 2.344