Xiaoqin Liu1, Maohua Miao1, Zhijun Zhou2, Ersheng Gao1, Jianping Chen1, Jintao Wang3, Fei Sun4, Wei Yuan5, De-Kun Li6. 1. NPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptives and Devices, Department of Reproductive Epidemiology and Social Science, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China. 2. Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, WHO Collaborating Center for Occupational Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. 3. Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China. 4. University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China. 5. NPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptives and Devices, Department of Reproductive Epidemiology and Social Science, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: yuanwei11@yahoo.com. 6. Division of Research, Kaiser Foundation Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA, USA; Department of Health Research and Policy, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a suspected human endocrine disruptor which is widely used. METHODS: In order to determine whether urine BPA level is associated with serum reproductive hormone levels among male adults, we carried out a cross-sectional study in China. We recruited 592 male workers and collected their urine samples for BPA measurement. We also collected blood samples and examined serum reproductive hormones. We used multiple linear regression and log-binomial model to examine associations between urine BPA level and hormone levels after controlling for age and smoking status. RESULTS: An increased urine BPA level was associated with increased prolactin (p<0.001), estradiol (p<0.001), sex hormone-binding globulin level (p=0.001), and a reduced androstenedione (p<0.001) and free androgen index level (p=0.021). Males, whose urine BPA level was in the 2nd, 3rd and highest quartiles, had respectively 1.58, 1.33 and 3.09-fold increased prevalence of having a high prolactin level (>P75 level). The highest quartile of BPA level was associated with 1.63 and 1.50-fold increased prevalence of having a high estradiol and elevated sex hormone-binding globulin level. Males with higher quartile of BPA level had a lower inhibin B level. CONCLUSION: High BPA exposure is associated with increased prolactin, estradiol and sex hormone-binding globulin level in males, and may contribute to male infertility.
BACKGROUND:Bisphenol A (BPA) is a suspected human endocrine disruptor which is widely used. METHODS: In order to determine whether urine BPA level is associated with serum reproductive hormone levels among male adults, we carried out a cross-sectional study in China. We recruited 592 male workers and collected their urine samples for BPA measurement. We also collected blood samples and examined serum reproductive hormones. We used multiple linear regression and log-binomial model to examine associations between urine BPA level and hormone levels after controlling for age and smoking status. RESULTS: An increased urine BPA level was associated with increased prolactin (p<0.001), estradiol (p<0.001), sex hormone-binding globulin level (p=0.001), and a reduced androstenedione (p<0.001) and free androgen index level (p=0.021). Males, whose urine BPA level was in the 2nd, 3rd and highest quartiles, had respectively 1.58, 1.33 and 3.09-fold increased prevalence of having a high prolactin level (>P75 level). The highest quartile of BPA level was associated with 1.63 and 1.50-fold increased prevalence of having a high estradiol and elevated sex hormone-binding globulin level. Males with higher quartile of BPA level had a lower inhibin B level. CONCLUSION: High BPA exposure is associated with increased prolactin, estradiol and sex hormone-binding globulin level in males, and may contribute to male infertility.
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