| Literature DB >> 25800239 |
Young Hee Lee1, Young-Mee Lee1, Hyo Jin Kwon1.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe the development of a code of professional conduct that should be practiced by medical students and residents.Entities:
Keywords: Academic misconduct; Medical students; Professional conducts; Residents
Year: 2014 PMID: 25800239 PMCID: PMC8813438 DOI: 10.3946/kjme.2014.26.4.321
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Korean J Med Educ ISSN: 2005-727X
Fig. 1.Developing Process of a Professional Code of Conducts for Medical Students and Residents
Evaluation of Adequacy of the Naming Each Category (N=13)
| Title of category | Frequency | |
|---|---|---|
| No. of expert responses (%) | Mean (SD) | |
| Academic honesty/integrity | 7 (53.8) | 3.46 (1.05) |
| Responsibility and commitment to clerkship or hospital work | 8 (61.5) | 3.58 (1.17) |
| Endeavor to develop and improve clinical competency | 6 (46.2) | 3.46 (0.78) |
| Respect/honesty with patients and keeping confidentiality | 7 (53.8) | 3.46 (1.05) |
| Maintaining appropriate relations with patients/managing conflicts of interests | 5 (41.7) | 3.08 (1.00) |
| Impaired physician behaviors | 7 (53.8) | 3.46 (0.88) |
| Research and publication ethics | 9 (69.2) | 3.69 (0.95) |
SD: Standard deviation.
Numbers correspond to "agree" and "strongly agree" for adequacy regarding each category, which includes several related areas of professional conduct.
Content Validity Assessed by Experts for Professional Behaviors That Should Be Regarded as Code of Conduct for Medical Students and Residents
| Item | Students, mean (SD) | Residents, mean (SD) |
|---|---|---|
| Academic honesty/integrity: students or residents do not conduct the following behaviors | ||
| 1-1. Substitute attendance in class or sneaking out of class after check in | 4.23 (1.01) | 3.85 (0.99) |
| 1-2. Fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, and duplicated submission for homework/assignments | 4.92 (0.28) | 4.77 (0.60) |
| 1-3. Free-riding on group assignment | 3.92 (0.76) | 3.85 (1.07) |
| 1-4. Cheating on examinations, quizzes, and tests | 4.92 (0.28) | 4.92 (0.28) |
| Responsibility and commitment to clerkship or hospital work: students or residents do not conduct the following behaviors | ||
| 2-1. Late attendance, sneaking out of work, nonattendance without any prior notice or permission during scheduled hours at the clerkship | 4.23 (1.01) | - |
| 2-1. Late attendance, nonattendance without any prior notice or permission during hospital working hours (residents) | - | 4.77 (0.44) |
| 2-2. Leaving hospital without permission during duty hours (residents) | 4.15 (0.90) | 4.92 (0.28) |
| 2-3. Having duty-off without proper hand-over (residents) | 3.46 (1.05) | 4.77 (0.60) |
| Endeavor to develop and improve clinical competency | ||
| 3-1. Developing self-directed learning attitudes/skills for attaining up-to-date clinical knowledge and skills | 3.85 (0.90) | 4.23 (0.83) |
| 3-2. Receptive attitude toward constructive educational feedback from faculty, seniors, and peer physicians | 4.15 (0.69) | 4.31 (0.75) |
| 3-3. Doing best available standard practice under recognition of one's limitation s | 2.92 (1.12) | 4.54 (0.88) |
| 3-4. Reflection on one's behaviors and decision-making | 3.69 (1.03) | 4.00 (1.08) |
| 3-5. Cooperative and respectful attitudes toward others' opinions (supervising physicians, colleagues, and other healthcare professions) in patient care | 3.77 (1.17) | 4.38 (0.77) |
| Respects/honesty with patients and keeping confidentiality | ||
| 4-1. Keeping patients' confidentiality | 4.92 (0.28) | 5.00 ( - ) |
| Avoiding talking about patient in public space of the hospital | 4.85 (0.38) | 4.85 (0.38) |
| Avoiding talking about patient in personal space, including SNS | 5.00 (0.00) | 5.00 (0.00) |
| Keeping confidentiality of patient's information on medical records | 4.85 (0.38) | 4.85 (0.38) |
| 4-2. Respect patients | 4.85 (0.38) | 4.85 (0.38) |
| Avoiding disrespectful behaviors, including ignoring or humiliating patients in front of patients | 4.85 (0.38) | 4.85 (0.38) |
| Avoiding talking about patient in a disrespectful way with colleagues | 4.46 (0.66) | 4.54 (0.66) |
| Prohibiting unnecessary or inappropriate physical contact beyond diagnostic/therapeutic purpose | 4.15 (1.28) | 4.31 (0.95) |
| Treating patients fairly regardless of socioeconomic, cultural, ethnic/racial backgrounds | 4.77 (0.44) | 4.77 (0.44) |
| 4-3. Respect patients' autonomy | 4.69 (0.48) | 4.69 (0.48) |
| Obtaining informed consent before conducting medical practice | 4.62 (0.65) | 4.85 (0.38) |
| Respecting patients' decision-making/willingness except in unethical or potentially harmful conditions | 4.46 (0.66) | 4.85 (0.38) |
| 4-4. Sustaining honesty with patient | 4.38 (0.77) | 4.69 (0.48) |
| Not providing inappropriate or unverified information to patients in order to conceal my incompetence | 4.54 (0.66) | 4.69 (0.48) |
| Disclosing and reporting one's own medical error to improve quality of care and patient safety | 4.54 (0.66) | 4.69 (0.48) |
| Disclosing and reporting the medical errors of colleague physicians to improve quality of care and patient safety | 4.08 (0.95) | 4.54 (0.52) |
| Maintaining appropriate relations with patients/managing conflicts of interests | ||
| 5-1. Sustaining the interests of the patient above one's own/group's self-interest when conflicts of interest occur | 4.46 (0.78) | 4.62 (0.65) |
| 5-2. Not taking money or expensive gifts from patients | 3.62 (1.19) | 4.31 (0.63) |
| 5-3. Prohibiting personal romantic relationship with patients | 4.08 (1.12) | 4.08 (1.12) |
| Impaired physician behaviors that are against medical ethics or violate medical laws: the following behaviors are prohibited at all times | ||
| 6-1. Physical or verbal violence | 4.83 (0.39) | 4.92 (0.29) |
| 6-2. Sexual relation with a patient | 4.77 (0.44) | 4.85 (0.38) |
| 6-3. Practice under drunken status | 4.31 (0.75) | 4.46 (0.52) |
| 6-4. Drug addiction/illegal drugs use | 4.62 (0.65) | 4.85 (0.38) |
| Research and publication ethics: the following behaviors are prohibited at all times | ||
| 7-1. Plagiarism, duplicate submission, fabrication, and falsification | ||
| Plagiarism | 4.69 (0.75) | 4.92 (0.28) |
| Submitting duplicate report to different classes or different journals | 4.77 (0.60) | 5.00 ( - ) |
| Fabrication | 4.77 (0.60) | 5.00 ( - ) |
| Falsification | 4.77 (0.60) | 5.00 ( - ) |
| 7-2. Taking credit for others in writing papers or journal publication/violating the author's rights (gifted authors) | 4.15 (0.90) | 4.38 (0.87) |
SD: Standard deviation.
Comparison of Draft versus Final Version of Categories for the Code of Conduct for Professional Behaviors
| Draft version | Final version | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 Categories | Items | 9 Categories | Items | ||
| Students | Residents | Students | Residents | ||
| Academic honesty and learning ethics | 4 | 4 | Academic honesty/integrity | 5 | 5 |
| Responsibility and commitment to clerkship or hospital work | 3 | 3 | Responsibility and commitment to clerkship or hospital work | 3 | 3 |
| Endeavor to develop and improve clinical competency | 5 | 5 | Endeavor to develop and improve clinical competency | 5 | 4 |
| Respect/honesty for patients and keeping confidentiality | 12 | 12 | Respect for patients and keeping confidentiality | 9 | 9 |
| Honesty in patient care | 5 | 5 | |||
| Maintaining appropriate relations with patients and managing conflicts of interests | 3 | 3 | Maintaining appropriate relations with patients and managing conflicts of interests | 4 | 5 |
| Impaired physician behaviors | 4 | 4 | Impaired physician behaviors | 3 | 3 |
| - | - | - | Respects for peers and other health care professionals | 3 | 3 |
| Research and publication ethics | 5 | 5 | Research and publication ethics | 7 | 7 |
| Total | 36 | 36 | Total | 44 | 44 |