OBJECTIVE: To estimate the association of age of viral suppression and central nervous system penetration effectiveness (CPE) score with neurocognitive functioning among school-age children with perinatally acquired HIV infection (PHIV+). DESIGN: We analyzed data from two US-based multisite prospective cohort studies. METHODS: Multivariable general linear regression models were used to evaluate associations of age at viral suppression and CPE scores (of initial antiretroviral therapy regimen and weighted average) with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Third or Fourth Edition neurocognitive assessments [Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ); Performance IQ/Perceptual Reasoning Index (PIQ/PRI); and Verbal IQ/Verbal Comprehension Index (VIQ/VCI)], adjusted for demographic and clinical covariates. Sensitivity analyses were stratified by birth cohort (before versus after 1996). RESULTS: A total of 396 PHIV+ children were included. Estimated differences in mean FSIQ (comparing virally suppressed versus unsuppressed children) by each age cutoff were 3.7, 2.2, 3.2, 4.4, and 3.9 points at ages 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. For PIQ/PRI, estimated mean differences were 3.7, 2.4, 2.2, 4.6, and 4.5 at ages 1 through 5, respectively. In both cases, these differences were significant only at the age 4 and 5 thresholds. After stratifying by birth cohort, the association between age at suppression and cognitive function persisted only among those born after 1996. Age at viral suppression was not associated with VIQ/VCI; CPE score was not associated with FSIQ, verbal comprehension, or perceptual reasoning indices. CONCLUSION: Virologic suppression during infancy or early childhood is associated with improved neurocognitive outcomes in school-aged PHIV+ children. In contrast, CPE scores showed no association with neurocognitive outcomes.
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the association of age of viral suppression and central nervous system penetration effectiveness (CPE) score with neurocognitive functioning among school-age children with perinatally acquired HIV infection (PHIV+). DESIGN: We analyzed data from two US-based multisite prospective cohort studies. METHODS: Multivariable general linear regression models were used to evaluate associations of age at viral suppression and CPE scores (of initial antiretroviral therapy regimen and weighted average) with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Third or Fourth Edition neurocognitive assessments [Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ); Performance IQ/Perceptual Reasoning Index (PIQ/PRI); and Verbal IQ/Verbal Comprehension Index (VIQ/VCI)], adjusted for demographic and clinical covariates. Sensitivity analyses were stratified by birth cohort (before versus after 1996). RESULTS: A total of 396 PHIV+ children were included. Estimated differences in mean FSIQ (comparing virally suppressed versus unsuppressed children) by each age cutoff were 3.7, 2.2, 3.2, 4.4, and 3.9 points at ages 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. For PIQ/PRI, estimated mean differences were 3.7, 2.4, 2.2, 4.6, and 4.5 at ages 1 through 5, respectively. In both cases, these differences were significant only at the age 4 and 5 thresholds. After stratifying by birth cohort, the association between age at suppression and cognitive function persisted only among those born after 1996. Age at viral suppression was not associated with VIQ/VCI; CPE score was not associated with FSIQ, verbal comprehension, or perceptual reasoning indices. CONCLUSION: Virologic suppression during infancy or early childhood is associated with improved neurocognitive outcomes in school-aged PHIV+ children. In contrast, CPE scores showed no association with neurocognitive outcomes.
Authors: Manisha C Shanbhag; Richard M Rutstein; Theoklis Zaoutis; Huaqing Zhao; David Chao; Jerilynn Radcliffe Journal: Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med Date: 2005-07
Authors: Marlene Smurzynski; Kunling Wu; Scott Letendre; Kevin Robertson; Ronald J Bosch; David B Clifford; Scott Evans; Ann C Collier; Michael Taylor; Ronald Ellis Journal: AIDS Date: 2011-01-28 Impact factor: 4.177
Authors: Kunjal Patel; Xue Ming; Paige L Williams; Kevin R Robertson; James M Oleske; George R Seage Journal: AIDS Date: 2009-09-10 Impact factor: 4.177
Authors: Robert K Heaton; Donald R Franklin; Ronald J Ellis; J Allen McCutchan; Scott L Letendre; Shannon Leblanc; Stephanie H Corkran; Nichole A Duarte; David B Clifford; Steven P Woods; Ann C Collier; Christina M Marra; Susan Morgello; Monica Rivera Mindt; Michael J Taylor; Thomas D Marcotte; J Hampton Atkinson; Tanya Wolfson; Benjamin B Gelman; Justin C McArthur; David M Simpson; Ian Abramson; Anthony Gamst; Christine Fennema-Notestine; Terry L Jernigan; Joseph Wong; Igor Grant Journal: J Neurovirol Date: 2010-12-21 Impact factor: 2.643
Authors: Angeline Thomas; Els F M Dobbels; Priscilla E Springer; Christelle Ackermann; Mark F Cotton; Barbara Laughton Journal: Metab Brain Dis Date: 2018-02-09 Impact factor: 3.584
Authors: Emmanuel C Nwosu; Frances C Robertson; Martha J Holmes; Mark F Cotton; Els Dobbels; Francesca Little; Barbara Laughton; Andre van der Kouwe; Ernesta M Meintjes Journal: Metab Brain Dis Date: 2017-12-05 Impact factor: 3.584
Authors: Katrina D Hermetet-Lindsay; Katharine F Correia; Paige L Williams; Renee Smith; Kathleen M Malee; Claude A Mellins; Richard M Rutstein Journal: AIDS Behav Date: 2017-09
Authors: Sharon L Nichols; Miriam C Chernoff; Kathleen M Malee; Patricia A Sirois; Steven P Woods; Paige L Williams; Cenk Yildirim; Dean Delis; Betsy Kammerer Journal: J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc Date: 2016-12 Impact factor: 3.164
Authors: Kathleen M Malee; Miriam C Chernoff; Patricia A Sirois; Paige L Williams; Patricia A Garvie; Betsy L Kammerer; Lynnette L Harris; Molly L Nozyce; Cenk Yildirim; Sharon L Nichols Journal: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Date: 2017-08-01 Impact factor: 3.731