Jaana Gustavsson1, Kirsten Mehlig2, Karin Leander3, Christina Berg4, Gianluca Tognon2, Elisabeth Strandhagen2, Lena Björck5,6, Annika Rosengren5, Lauren Lissner2, Fredrik Nyberg2,7. 1. Occupational and Environmental Medicine Unit, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 414, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden. jaana.gustavsson@amm.gu.se. 2. Occupational and Environmental Medicine Unit, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 414, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden. 3. Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. 4. Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. 5. Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. 6. Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. 7. Observational Research Centre, AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) is related to obesity and coronary heart disease (CHD). We studied interaction between macronutrient intake and FTO in association with CHD risk or body mass index (BMI). METHODS: The pooled population-based case-control studies, SHEEP and INTERGENE, included 1,381 first-time CHD patients and 4,290 population controls genotyped for FTO rs9939609 (T/A). Diet data were collected in self-administered food frequency questionnaires. Macronutrients were dichotomized into low/high energy percentages (E%) by median levels in controls. Association of FTO genotype (TA/AA vs. TT) with CHD risk was analysed by multiple logistic regression, and with BMI by multiple linear regression. Interaction between FTO and macronutrient was assessed by introducing an interaction term FTO × macronutrient. Interaction on CHD as deviation from additive effects was assessed by calculating relative excess risk due to interaction. RESULTS: No statistically significant interaction was found between FTO genotype and any macronutrient on CHD risk or BMI on either the multiplicative or additive scale. However, FTO genotype (TA/AA vs. TT) was associated with significantly increased CHD risk only in subjects with low E% from fat (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.11-1.66) or saturated fatty acids (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.10-1.69), or in subjects with high E% from carbohydrate (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.07-1.61) or protein (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.13-1.75). Mean BMI was 0.3-0.6 kg/m(2) higher in control subjects with TA/AA compared to TT, regardless of macronutrient E%. CONCLUSIONS: We found no evidence of interactions between FTO genotype and macronutrient intake on CHD risk or BMI.
PURPOSE: The fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) is related to obesity and coronary heart disease (CHD). We studied interaction between macronutrient intake and FTO in association with CHD risk or body mass index (BMI). METHODS: The pooled population-based case-control studies, SHEEP and INTERGENE, included 1,381 first-time CHD patients and 4,290 population controls genotyped for FTOrs9939609 (T/A). Diet data were collected in self-administered food frequency questionnaires. Macronutrients were dichotomized into low/high energy percentages (E%) by median levels in controls. Association of FTO genotype (TA/AA vs. TT) with CHD risk was analysed by multiple logistic regression, and with BMI by multiple linear regression. Interaction between FTO and macronutrient was assessed by introducing an interaction term FTO × macronutrient. Interaction on CHD as deviation from additive effects was assessed by calculating relative excess risk due to interaction. RESULTS: No statistically significant interaction was found between FTO genotype and any macronutrient on CHD risk or BMI on either the multiplicative or additive scale. However, FTO genotype (TA/AA vs. TT) was associated with significantly increased CHD risk only in subjects with low E% from fat (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.11-1.66) or saturated fatty acids (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.10-1.69), or in subjects with high E% from carbohydrate (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.07-1.61) or protein (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.13-1.75). Mean BMI was 0.3-0.6 kg/m(2) higher in control subjects with TA/AA compared to TT, regardless of macronutrient E%. CONCLUSIONS: We found no evidence of interactions between FTO genotype and macronutrient intake on CHD risk or BMI.
Authors: Chris Church; Sheena Lee; Eleanor A L Bagg; James S McTaggart; Robert Deacon; Thomas Gerken; Angela Lee; Lee Moir; Jasmin Mecinović; Mohamed M Quwailid; Christopher J Schofield; Frances M Ashcroft; Roger D Cox Journal: PLoS Genet Date: 2009-08-14 Impact factor: 5.917
Authors: Christian Dina; David Meyre; Sophie Gallina; Emmanuelle Durand; Antje Körner; Peter Jacobson; Lena M S Carlsson; Wieland Kiess; Vincent Vatin; Cecile Lecoeur; Jérome Delplanque; Emmanuel Vaillant; François Pattou; Juan Ruiz; Jacques Weill; Claire Levy-Marchal; Fritz Horber; Natascha Potoczna; Serge Hercberg; Catherine Le Stunff; Pierre Bougnères; Peter Kovacs; Michel Marre; Beverley Balkau; Stéphane Cauchi; Jean-Claude Chèvre; Philippe Froguel Journal: Nat Genet Date: 2007-05-13 Impact factor: 38.330
Authors: Dolores Corella; Carolina Ortega-Azorín; Jose V Sorlí; M Isabel Covas; Paula Carrasco; Jordi Salas-Salvadó; Miguel Ángel Martínez-González; Fernando Arós; José Lapetra; Lluís Serra-Majem; Rosa Lamuela-Raventos; Enrique Gómez-Gracia; Miquel Fiol; Xavier Pintó; Emilio Ros; Amelia Martí; Oscar Coltell; Jose M Ordovás; Ramon Estruch Journal: PLoS One Date: 2012-12-21 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Angelo Scuteri; Serena Sanna; Wei-Min Chen; Manuela Uda; Giuseppe Albai; James Strait; Samer Najjar; Ramaiah Nagaraja; Marco Orrú; Gianluca Usala; Mariano Dei; Sandra Lai; Andrea Maschio; Fabio Busonero; Antonella Mulas; Georg B Ehret; Ashley A Fink; Alan B Weder; Richard S Cooper; Pilar Galan; Aravinda Chakravarti; David Schlessinger; Antonio Cao; Edward Lakatta; Gonçalo R Abecasis Journal: PLoS Genet Date: 2007-07 Impact factor: 5.917