Lucia L Kaiser1, Alberto L Aguilera1, Marcel Horowitz2, Catherine Lamp3, Margaret Johns4, Rosa Gomez-Camacho5, Lenna Ontai6, Adela de la Torre5. 1. 1Department of Nutrition,University of California at Davis,3207 Meyer Hall,One Shields Avenue, Davis,CA 95616-5270,USA. 2. 2University of California Cooperative Extension,Woodland,CA,USA. 3. 3University of California Cooperative Extension,Tulare,CA,USA. 4. 4University of California Cooperative Extension,Bakersfield,CA,USA. 5. 5Center for Transnational Health,University of California at Davis,Davis,CA,USA. 6. 6Department of Human Ecology,University of California at Davis,Davis,CA,USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The present paper examines the influence of age and gender on food patterns of Latino children. DESIGN: Data are from baseline of a 5-year, quasi-experimental obesity prevention study: Niños Sanos, Familia Sana (NSFS; Healthy Children, Healthy Families). In 2012, the researchers interviewed Latino parents, using a thirty-item questionnaire to ask about their children's food consumption and feeding practices. Statistical tests included t tests and ANCOVA. SETTING: Rural communities in California's Central Valley, USA. SUBJECTS: Two hundred and seventeen parents (87-89% born in Mexico) and their children (aged 2-8 years). RESULTS: Fifty-one per cent of the children were overweight or obese (≥85th percentile of BMI for age and gender). Mean BMI Z-scores were not significantly different in boys (1·10 (SD 1·07)) and girls (0·92 (SD 1·04); P=0·12). In bivariate analysis, children aged 2-4 years consumed fast and convenience foods less often (P=0·04) and WIC (Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children)-allowable foods more often than children aged 5-8 years (P=0·01). In ANCOVA, neither age nor gender was significantly related to food patterns. Mother's acculturation level was positively related to children's consumption of fast and convenience foods (P=0·0002) and negatively related to consumption of WIC foods (P=0·01). Providing role modelling and structure in scheduling meals and snacks had a positive effect on the vegetable pattern (P=0·0007), whereas meal skipping was associated with more frequent fast and convenience food consumption (P=0·04). CONCLUSIONS: Acculturation and child feeding practices jointly influence food patterns in Latino immigrant children and indicate a need for interventions that maintain diet quality as children transition to school.
OBJECTIVE: The present paper examines the influence of age and gender on food patterns of Latino children. DESIGN: Data are from baseline of a 5-year, quasi-experimental obesity prevention study: Niños Sanos, Familia Sana (NSFS; Healthy Children, Healthy Families). In 2012, the researchers interviewed Latino parents, using a thirty-item questionnaire to ask about their children's food consumption and feeding practices. Statistical tests included t tests and ANCOVA. SETTING: Rural communities in California's Central Valley, USA. SUBJECTS: Two hundred and seventeen parents (87-89% born in Mexico) and their children (aged 2-8 years). RESULTS: Fifty-one per cent of the children were overweight or obese (≥85th percentile of BMI for age and gender). Mean BMI Z-scores were not significantly different in boys (1·10 (SD 1·07)) and girls (0·92 (SD 1·04); P=0·12). In bivariate analysis, children aged 2-4 years consumed fast and convenience foods less often (P=0·04) and WIC (Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children)-allowable foods more often than children aged 5-8 years (P=0·01). In ANCOVA, neither age nor gender was significantly related to food patterns. Mother's acculturation level was positively related to children's consumption of fast and convenience foods (P=0·0002) and negatively related to consumption of WIC foods (P=0·01). Providing role modelling and structure in scheduling meals and snacks had a positive effect on the vegetable pattern (P=0·0007), whereas meal skipping was associated with more frequent fast and convenience food consumption (P=0·04). CONCLUSIONS: Acculturation and child feeding practices jointly influence food patterns in Latino immigrant children and indicate a need for interventions that maintain diet quality as children transition to school.
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