Mario Siervo1, Clio Oggioni2, Jose Lara2, Carlos Celis-Morales2, John C Mathers2, Alberto Battezzati3, Alessandro Leone3, Anna Tagliabue4, Angela Spadafranca3, Simona Bertoli3. 1. Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle on Tyne NE4 5PL, UK. Electronic address: mario.siervo@ncl.ac.uk. 2. Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle on Tyne NE4 5PL, UK. 3. International Center for the Assessment of Nutrizional Status, ICANS Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Sandro Botticelli, 21, 20133 Milano, Italy. 4. Human Nutrition and Eating Disorders Research Centre, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Bassi, 21, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Aging is associated with changes in resting energy expenditure (REE) and body composition. We investigated the association between age and changes in REE in men and women stratified by body mass index (BMI) categories (normal weight, overweight and obesity). We also examined whether the age-related decline in REE was explained by concomitant changes in body composition and lifestyle factors. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: 3442 adult participants (age range: 18-81 y; men/women: 977/2465) were included. The BMI range was 18.5-60.2 kg/m(2). REE was measured by indirect calorimetry in fasting conditions and body composition by bioelectrical impedance. Regression models were used to evaluate age-related changes in REE in subjects stratified by sex and BMI. Models were adjusted for body composition (fat mass, fat free mass), smoking, disease count and physical activity. RESULTS: In unadjusted models, the rate of decline in REE was highest in obese men (slope=-8.7±0.8 kcal/day/year) whereas the lowest rate of decline was observed in normal weight women (-2.9±0.3 kcal/day/year). Gender differences were observed for the age of onset of REE adaptive changes (i.e., not accounted by age related changes in body composition and lifestyle factors). In women, adaptive changes appeared to occur in middle-age (∼47 y) across all BMI groups whereas changes seemed to be delayed in obese men (∼54 y) compared to overweight (∼43 y) and normal weight (∼39 y) men. CONCLUSIONS: Sex and BMI influenced the rate and degree of the age-related decline in REE. Critical age windows have been identified for the onset of putative mechanisms of energy adaptation. These findings require confirmation in prospective studies.
OBJECTIVES: Aging is associated with changes in resting energy expenditure (REE) and body composition. We investigated the association between age and changes in REE in men and women stratified by body mass index (BMI) categories (normal weight, overweight and obesity). We also examined whether the age-related decline in REE was explained by concomitant changes in body composition and lifestyle factors. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: 3442 adult participants (age range: 18-81 y; men/women: 977/2465) were included. The BMI range was 18.5-60.2 kg/m(2). REE was measured by indirect calorimetry in fasting conditions and body composition by bioelectrical impedance. Regression models were used to evaluate age-related changes in REE in subjects stratified by sex and BMI. Models were adjusted for body composition (fat mass, fat free mass), smoking, disease count and physical activity. RESULTS: In unadjusted models, the rate of decline in REE was highest in obese men (slope=-8.7±0.8 kcal/day/year) whereas the lowest rate of decline was observed in normal weight women (-2.9±0.3 kcal/day/year). Gender differences were observed for the age of onset of REE adaptive changes (i.e., not accounted by age related changes in body composition and lifestyle factors). In women, adaptive changes appeared to occur in middle-age (∼47 y) across all BMI groups whereas changes seemed to be delayed in obese men (∼54 y) compared to overweight (∼43 y) and normal weight (∼39 y) men. CONCLUSIONS: Sex and BMI influenced the rate and degree of the age-related decline in REE. Critical age windows have been identified for the onset of putative mechanisms of energy adaptation. These findings require confirmation in prospective studies.
Authors: Paulette D Chandler; Lu Wang; Xi Zhang; Howard D Sesso; Manickavasagar V Moorthy; Obiageli Obi; Joshua Lewis; Richard L Prince; Jacqueline S Danik; JoAnn E Manson; Meryl S LeBoff; Yiqing Song Journal: Nutr Rev Date: 2015-07-14 Impact factor: 7.110
Authors: Isabella P Carneiro; Sarah A Elliott; Mario Siervo; Raj Padwal; Simona Bertoli; Alberto Battezzati; Carla M Prado Journal: Adv Nutr Date: 2016-05-16 Impact factor: 8.701