Jennifer Massa1, Katie L Stone2, Esther K Wei2, Stephanie L Harrison2, Elizabeth Barrett-Connor3, Nancy E Lane4,5, Misti Paudel6, Susan Redline7, Sonia Ancoli-Israel8,9, Eric Orwoll10, Eva Schernhammer11,12. 1. Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA. 2. California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, for the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study Group. 3. Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University California San Diego, La Jolla, CA. 4. Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA. 5. Department of Medicine, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA. 6. Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN. 7. Brigham and Women's Hospital and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. 8. Departments of Psychiatry and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA. 9. Department of Veterans Affairs San Diego Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (CESAMH), San Diego, CA. 10. Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute and School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR. 11. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. 12. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Maintaining adequate serum levels of vitamin D may be important for sleep duration and quality; however, these associations are not well understood. We examined whether levels of serum 25(OH)D are associated with objective measures of sleep in older men. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Cross-sectional study within a large cohort of community-dwelling older men, the MrOS study. INTERVENTIONS: Among 3,048 men age 68 years or older, we measured total serum vitamin D. Objective estimates of nightly total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and wake time after sleep onset (WASO) were obtained using wrist actigraphy worn for an average of 5 consecutive 24-h periods. RESULTS: 16.4% of this study population had low levels of vitamin D (< 20.3 ng/mL 25(OH)D). Lower serum vitamin D levels were associated with a higher odds of short (< 5 h) sleep duration, (odds ratio [OR] for the highest (≥ 40.06 ng/mL) versus lowest (< 20.3 ng/mL) quartile of 25(OH)D, 2.15; 95 % confidence interval (CI), 1.21-3.79; Ptrend = 0.004) as well as increased odds of actigraphy-measured sleep efficiency of less than 70% (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 0.97-2.18; Ptrend = 0.004), after controlling for age, clinic, season, comorbidities, body mass index, and physical and cognitive function. Lower vitamin D levels were also associated with increased WASO in age-adjusted, but not multivariable adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS: Among older men, low levels of total serum 25(OH)D are associated with poorer sleep including short sleep duration and lower sleep efficiency. These findings, if confirmed by others, suggest a potential role for vitamin D in maintaining healthy sleep.
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Maintaining adequate serum levels of vitamin D may be important for sleep duration and quality; however, these associations are not well understood. We examined whether levels of serum 25(OH)D are associated with objective measures of sleep in older men. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Cross-sectional study within a large cohort of community-dwelling older men, the MrOS study. INTERVENTIONS: Among 3,048 men age 68 years or older, we measured total serum vitamin D. Objective estimates of nightly total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and wake time after sleep onset (WASO) were obtained using wrist actigraphy worn for an average of 5 consecutive 24-h periods. RESULTS: 16.4% of this study population had low levels of vitamin D (< 20.3 ng/mL 25(OH)D). Lower serum vitamin D levels were associated with a higher odds of short (< 5 h) sleep duration, (odds ratio [OR] for the highest (≥ 40.06 ng/mL) versus lowest (< 20.3 ng/mL) quartile of 25(OH)D, 2.15; 95 % confidence interval (CI), 1.21-3.79; Ptrend = 0.004) as well as increased odds of actigraphy-measured sleep efficiency of less than 70% (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 0.97-2.18; Ptrend = 0.004), after controlling for age, clinic, season, comorbidities, body mass index, and physical and cognitive function. Lower vitamin D levels were also associated with increased WASO in age-adjusted, but not multivariable adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS: Among older men, low levels of total serum 25(OH)D are associated with poorer sleep including short sleep duration and lower sleep efficiency. These findings, if confirmed by others, suggest a potential role for vitamin D in maintaining healthy sleep.
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