Literature DB >> 25484668

Crystal structure of dimethyl 3,3'-[(4-chloro-phen-yl)methyl-ene]bis-(1H-indole-2-carboxyl-ate).

Yu-Long Li1, Hong-Shun Sun1, Hong Jiang1, Ning Xu1, Hong Xu1.   

Abstract

In the title compound, C27H21ClN2O4, the mean planes of the two indole ring systems (r.m.s. deviations = 0.021 and 0.024 Å) are approximately perpendicular to one another, with a dihedral angle of 79.54 (12)°. The benzene ring is twisted with respect to the mean planes of the two indole ring systems at angles of 80.14 (15) and 86.30 (15)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming inversion dimers with an R (2) 2(18) ring motif. The dimers are linked by a further N-H⋯O hydrogen bond, forming chains along [100]. There are intra- and inter-molecular C-H⋯π inter-actions present, the latter linking the chains to form a three-dimensional supra-molecular structure.

Entities:  

Keywords:  C—H⋯π inter­actions; MRI contrast agent; N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds; bis-indolymethane; crystal structure; indole

Year:  2014        PMID: 25484668      PMCID: PMC4257187          DOI: 10.1107/S1600536814020686

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online        ISSN: 1600-5368


Chemical context

Indole derivatives are found abundantly in a variety of natural plants and exhibit various physiological properties (Poter et al., 1977 ▶; Sundberg, 1996 ▶). Among them, bis-indolymethane derivatives have been found to be potentially bioactive compounds (Chang et al., 1999 ▶; Ge et al., 1999 ▶). In recent years, the synthesis and applications of bis-indolymethane derivatives have been studied widely. The title compound is one of the bis-indolymethane derivatives used as a precursor for MRI contrast agents (Ni, 2008 ▶). We report herein on its synthesis and crystal structure. Similar structures are reported by Sun et al. (2012 ▶, 2013 ▶).

Structural commentary

The mol­ecular structure of the title compound is shown in Fig. 1 ▶. The benzene ring (C1–C6) is twisted with respect to the two indole rings, (N1/C8–C15) and (N2/CC18–C25), making dihedral angles of 80.14 (15) and 83.30 (15)°, respectively. The indole ring systems make a dihedral angle of 79.54 (12)°.
Figure 1

The mol­ecular structure of the title mol­ecule, with the atom-labelling scheme. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 30% probability level.

In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming inversion dimers with an (18) ring motif (Fig. 2 ▶ and Table 1 ▶). The dimers are linked by a further N—H⋯O hydrogen bond, forming chains along [100] (Fig. 2 ▶ and Table 1 ▶). There are intra- and inter­molecular C—H⋯π inter­actions present (Table 1 ▶); the latter link the chains to form a three-dimensional supra­molecular structure.
Figure 2

A perspective view along the a axis of the crystal packing of the title compound. Hydrogen bonds are shown as dashed lines (see Table 1 ▶ for details).

Table 1

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)

Cg1, Cg3, Cg4 and Cg5 are the centroids of the N1/C8/C9/C14/C15, C1–C6, C9–C14 and C19–C24 rings, respectively.

D—H⋯A D—HH⋯A DA D—H⋯A
N2—H2A⋯O1i 0.862.042.862 (3)159
N1—H1A⋯O3ii 0.862.082.923 (4)168
C20—H20ACg10.932.893.568 (4)131
C10—H10ACg30.932.903.705 (5)146
C27—H27ACg4iii 0.962.783.719 (5)166
C11—H11ACg5iv 0.932.883.750 (4)156

Symmetry codes: (i) ; (ii) ; (iii) ; (iv) .

Synthesis and crystallization

Methyl indole-2-carboxyl­ate (17.5 g, 100 mmol) was dissolved in 200 ml methanol; 4-chloro­benzaldehyde (7.0 g, 50 mmol) was added and the mixture heated to reflux. Concentrated HCl (3.7 ml) was added and the reaction was left for 1 h. After cooling the white product formed was filtered off and washed thoroughly with methanol; yield 95%. The reaction was followed by TLC (CHCl3:hexane = 1:1). Crystals of the title compound suitable for X-ray analysis were obtained by slow evaporation of an ethanol solution.

Refinement

Crystal data, data collection and structure refinement details are summarized in Table 2 ▶. H atoms were positioned geometrically, and constrained to ride on their parent atoms: N—H = 0.86 Å and C—H = 0.93, 0.96, and 0.98 Å for aromatic, methyl and methine H atoms, respectively, with U iso(H) = 1.5Ueq(C) for methyl H atoms and = 1.2Ueq(N,C) for other H atoms.
Table 2

Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formulaC27H21ClN2O4
M r 472.91
Crystal system, space groupTriclinic, P
Temperature (K)293
a, b, c (Å)10.126 (2), 11.090 (2), 12.246 (2)
α, β, γ (°)109.58 (3), 111.50 (3), 91.32 (3)
V3)1188.7 (4)
Z 2
Radiation typeMo Kα
μ (mm−1)0.20
Crystal size (mm)0.30 × 0.20 × 0.10
 
Data collection
DiffractometerEnraf–Nonius CAD-4
Absorption correctionψ scan (North et al., 1968)
T min, T max 0.943, 0.981
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections4651, 4381, 2728
R int 0.024
(sin θ/λ)max−1)0.603
 
Refinement
R[F 2 > 2σ(F 2)], wR(F 2), S 0.057, 0.177, 1.01
No. of reflections4381
No. of parameters307
H-atom treatmentH-atom parameters constrained
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3)0.18, −0.33

Computer programs: CAD-4 EXPRESS (Enraf–Nonius, 1994 ▶), XCAD4 (Harms & Wocadlo, 1995 ▶), and SHELXS97, SHELXL97 and SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008 ▶).

Crystal structure: contains datablock(s) I, New_Global_Publ_Block. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536814020686/su2784sup1.cif Structure factors: contains datablock(s) I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536814020686/su2784Isup2.hkl Click here for additional data file. Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536814020686/su2784Isup3.cml CCDC reference: 1024391 Additional supporting information: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report
C27H21ClN2O4Z = 2
Mr = 472.91F(000) = 492
Triclinic, P1Dx = 1.321 Mg m3
Hall symbol: -P 1Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
a = 10.126 (2) ÅCell parameters from 25 reflections
b = 11.090 (2) Åθ = 9–13°
c = 12.246 (2) ŵ = 0.20 mm1
α = 109.58 (3)°T = 293 K
β = 111.50 (3)°Block, colourless
γ = 91.32 (3)°0.30 × 0.20 × 0.10 mm
V = 1188.7 (4) Å3
Enraf–Nonius CAD-4 diffractometer2728 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tubeRint = 0.024
Graphite monochromatorθmax = 25.4°, θmin = 1.9°
ω/2θ scansh = 0→12
Absorption correction: ψ scan (North et al., 1968)k = −13→13
Tmin = 0.943, Tmax = 0.981l = −14→13
4651 measured reflections3 standard reflections every 200 reflections
4381 independent reflections intensity decay: 1%
Refinement on F2Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: fullSecondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.057Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
wR(F2) = 0.177H-atom parameters constrained
S = 1.01w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.1P)2 + 0.1P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
4381 reflections(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
307 parametersΔρmax = 0.18 e Å3
0 restraintsΔρmin = −0.33 e Å3
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger.
xyzUiso*/Ueq
Cl10.48461 (11)0.07229 (11)0.16877 (9)0.0792 (4)
O11.1884 (2)0.5955 (2)0.8803 (2)0.0542 (6)
N11.3863 (3)0.3971 (3)0.7210 (3)0.0494 (7)
H1A1.47450.43320.76760.059*
C10.8128 (3)0.1650 (3)0.5022 (3)0.0481 (8)
H1B0.85480.12500.55930.058*
N20.8964 (3)0.3420 (3)0.9111 (2)0.0472 (7)
H2A0.84960.36120.95900.057*
O21.4243 (2)0.6008 (2)0.9253 (2)0.0643 (7)
C20.6959 (3)0.0963 (3)0.3918 (3)0.0486 (8)
H2B0.65990.01100.37450.058*
O30.6953 (2)0.4961 (2)0.8462 (2)0.0649 (7)
C30.6339 (3)0.1556 (3)0.3084 (3)0.0505 (8)
O40.7917 (3)0.5349 (2)0.7210 (2)0.0649 (7)
C40.6861 (4)0.2805 (4)0.3326 (3)0.0636 (10)
H4A0.64290.31980.27520.076*
C50.8042 (4)0.3484 (3)0.4436 (3)0.0544 (9)
H5A0.84010.43340.45990.065*
C60.8694 (3)0.2916 (3)0.5305 (3)0.0392 (7)
C70.9952 (3)0.3692 (3)0.6546 (3)0.0379 (7)
H7A0.98670.46080.67080.045*
C81.1433 (3)0.3553 (3)0.6522 (3)0.0387 (7)
C91.1884 (3)0.2641 (3)0.5618 (3)0.0420 (7)
C101.1168 (4)0.1620 (3)0.4438 (3)0.0520 (8)
H10A1.01690.14140.40820.062*
C111.1962 (4)0.0937 (3)0.3823 (4)0.0610 (10)
H11A1.14920.02690.30420.073*
C121.3474 (4)0.1226 (4)0.4348 (4)0.0628 (10)
H12A1.39830.07290.39170.075*
C131.4211 (4)0.2216 (3)0.5474 (4)0.0586 (9)
H13A1.52110.24120.58140.070*
C141.3401 (3)0.2928 (3)0.6098 (3)0.0458 (8)
C151.2682 (3)0.4352 (3)0.7465 (3)0.0421 (7)
C161.2854 (3)0.5492 (3)0.8566 (3)0.0435 (7)
C171.4544 (5)0.7217 (4)1.0310 (4)0.0861 (14)
H17A1.55660.75021.07400.129*
H17B1.41650.70891.08830.129*
H17C1.41020.78631.00070.129*
C180.9788 (3)0.3408 (3)0.7625 (3)0.0377 (7)
C191.0442 (3)0.2506 (3)0.8189 (3)0.0407 (7)
C201.1385 (3)0.1625 (3)0.7983 (3)0.0501 (8)
H20A1.17380.15530.73660.060*
C211.1774 (4)0.0877 (4)0.8703 (4)0.0604 (9)
H21A1.23900.02890.85670.073*
C221.1255 (4)0.0985 (4)0.9646 (4)0.0640 (10)
H22A1.15500.04741.01310.077*
C231.0335 (4)0.1817 (3)0.9869 (3)0.0565 (9)
H23A1.00040.18891.05000.068*
C240.9908 (3)0.2555 (3)0.9116 (3)0.0447 (8)
C250.8887 (3)0.3933 (3)0.8212 (3)0.0407 (7)
C260.7834 (3)0.4793 (3)0.7995 (3)0.0459 (8)
C270.6854 (5)0.6167 (4)0.6893 (5)0.0922 (15)
H27A0.70090.65110.63190.138*
H27B0.69430.68680.76480.138*
H27C0.59070.56620.65010.138*
U11U22U33U12U13U23
Cl10.0580 (6)0.0938 (8)0.0525 (6)0.0045 (5)0.0014 (4)0.0102 (5)
O10.0494 (14)0.0606 (14)0.0504 (13)0.0031 (11)0.0266 (11)0.0107 (11)
N10.0327 (14)0.0601 (17)0.0575 (17)0.0042 (12)0.0215 (13)0.0205 (14)
C10.0460 (18)0.0504 (19)0.0497 (18)0.0086 (15)0.0175 (15)0.0222 (16)
N20.0437 (15)0.0562 (16)0.0462 (15)0.0066 (13)0.0277 (13)0.0134 (13)
O20.0417 (13)0.0720 (16)0.0589 (14)−0.0074 (12)0.0128 (11)0.0088 (13)
C20.0441 (18)0.0450 (18)0.0527 (19)0.0006 (15)0.0176 (16)0.0154 (16)
O30.0427 (13)0.0794 (18)0.0800 (17)0.0187 (12)0.0360 (13)0.0249 (14)
C30.0404 (18)0.060 (2)0.0435 (18)0.0072 (16)0.0130 (15)0.0140 (16)
O40.0632 (16)0.0732 (16)0.0851 (18)0.0372 (13)0.0431 (14)0.0447 (15)
C40.064 (2)0.077 (3)0.052 (2)0.014 (2)0.0130 (18)0.038 (2)
C50.053 (2)0.057 (2)0.054 (2)0.0014 (16)0.0153 (17)0.0287 (17)
C60.0328 (15)0.0458 (17)0.0434 (16)0.0069 (13)0.0193 (13)0.0169 (14)
C70.0379 (16)0.0390 (16)0.0417 (16)0.0073 (13)0.0209 (13)0.0150 (13)
C80.0359 (16)0.0418 (16)0.0437 (16)0.0053 (13)0.0202 (13)0.0174 (14)
C90.0438 (17)0.0433 (17)0.0496 (18)0.0077 (14)0.0279 (15)0.0195 (15)
C100.0517 (19)0.0517 (19)0.059 (2)0.0041 (16)0.0320 (17)0.0169 (17)
C110.075 (3)0.050 (2)0.064 (2)0.0047 (18)0.043 (2)0.0122 (18)
C120.073 (3)0.055 (2)0.082 (3)0.0176 (19)0.057 (2)0.022 (2)
C130.050 (2)0.063 (2)0.080 (3)0.0171 (17)0.0406 (19)0.030 (2)
C140.0425 (18)0.0501 (19)0.0564 (19)0.0112 (15)0.0290 (15)0.0232 (16)
C150.0378 (16)0.0469 (17)0.0461 (17)0.0055 (14)0.0200 (14)0.0190 (15)
C160.0374 (17)0.0534 (19)0.0427 (17)−0.0011 (15)0.0181 (14)0.0194 (15)
C170.077 (3)0.083 (3)0.058 (2)−0.031 (2)0.012 (2)−0.002 (2)
C180.0292 (14)0.0415 (16)0.0382 (15)0.0022 (12)0.0131 (12)0.0104 (13)
C190.0333 (15)0.0455 (17)0.0398 (16)0.0016 (13)0.0139 (13)0.0125 (14)
C200.0413 (18)0.056 (2)0.058 (2)0.0120 (15)0.0219 (16)0.0249 (17)
C210.048 (2)0.063 (2)0.079 (3)0.0170 (17)0.0232 (19)0.038 (2)
C220.055 (2)0.076 (3)0.068 (2)0.009 (2)0.0157 (19)0.045 (2)
C230.055 (2)0.072 (2)0.0490 (19)0.0034 (19)0.0202 (17)0.0316 (18)
C240.0423 (17)0.0509 (19)0.0394 (16)0.0007 (15)0.0160 (14)0.0154 (15)
C250.0334 (15)0.0467 (17)0.0413 (16)0.0015 (13)0.0177 (13)0.0125 (14)
C260.0348 (16)0.0480 (18)0.0482 (18)0.0024 (14)0.0178 (14)0.0085 (15)
C270.088 (3)0.090 (3)0.117 (4)0.050 (3)0.043 (3)0.056 (3)
Cl1—C31.745 (3)C9—C141.413 (4)
O1—C161.203 (4)C10—C111.370 (5)
N1—C141.365 (4)C10—H10A0.9300
N1—C151.384 (4)C11—C121.406 (5)
N1—H1A0.8600C11—H11A0.9300
C1—C21.380 (4)C12—C131.363 (5)
C1—C61.382 (4)C12—H12A0.9300
C1—H1B0.9300C13—C141.402 (4)
N2—C241.370 (4)C13—H13A0.9300
N2—C251.378 (4)C15—C161.457 (4)
N2—H2A0.8600C17—H17A0.9600
O2—C161.336 (4)C17—H17B0.9600
O2—C171.448 (4)C17—H17C0.9600
C2—C31.367 (5)C18—C251.383 (4)
C2—H2B0.9300C18—C191.441 (4)
O3—C261.213 (4)C19—C201.408 (4)
C3—C41.365 (5)C19—C241.412 (4)
O4—C261.329 (4)C20—C211.368 (5)
O4—C271.451 (4)C20—H20A0.9300
C4—C51.388 (5)C21—C221.406 (5)
C4—H4A0.9300C21—H21A0.9300
C5—C61.384 (4)C22—C231.361 (5)
C5—H5A0.9300C22—H22A0.9300
C6—C71.526 (4)C23—C241.392 (5)
C7—C181.520 (4)C23—H23A0.9300
C7—C81.521 (4)C25—C261.457 (4)
C7—H7A0.9800C27—H27A0.9600
C8—C151.382 (4)C27—H27B0.9600
C8—C91.448 (4)C27—H27C0.9600
C9—C101.411 (4)
C14—N1—C15108.9 (3)C14—C13—H13A121.4
C14—N1—H1A125.6N1—C14—C13129.0 (3)
C15—N1—H1A125.6N1—C14—C9108.2 (3)
C2—C1—C6122.0 (3)C13—C14—C9122.8 (3)
C2—C1—H1B119.0C8—C15—N1110.2 (3)
C6—C1—H1B119.0C8—C15—C16129.1 (3)
C24—N2—C25108.9 (2)N1—C15—C16120.7 (3)
C24—N2—H2A125.5O1—C16—O2123.8 (3)
C25—N2—H2A125.5O1—C16—C15125.2 (3)
C16—O2—C17116.1 (3)O2—C16—C15110.9 (3)
C3—C2—C1118.9 (3)O2—C17—H17A109.5
C3—C2—H2B120.5O2—C17—H17B109.5
C1—C2—H2B120.5H17A—C17—H17B109.5
C4—C3—C2121.1 (3)O2—C17—H17C109.5
C4—C3—Cl1118.7 (3)H17A—C17—H17C109.5
C2—C3—Cl1120.2 (3)H17B—C17—H17C109.5
C26—O4—C27116.5 (3)C25—C18—C19106.3 (3)
C3—C4—C5119.4 (3)C25—C18—C7125.4 (3)
C3—C4—H4A120.3C19—C18—C7128.2 (2)
C5—C4—H4A120.3C20—C19—C24118.2 (3)
C6—C5—C4121.0 (3)C20—C19—C18135.0 (3)
C6—C5—H5A119.5C24—C19—C18106.7 (3)
C4—C5—H5A119.5C21—C20—C19119.1 (3)
C1—C6—C5117.5 (3)C21—C20—H20A120.4
C1—C6—C7121.9 (3)C19—C20—H20A120.4
C5—C6—C7120.5 (3)C20—C21—C22121.0 (3)
C18—C7—C8112.7 (2)C20—C21—H21A119.5
C18—C7—C6110.0 (2)C22—C21—H21A119.5
C8—C7—C6114.8 (2)C23—C22—C21121.8 (3)
C18—C7—H7A106.2C23—C22—H22A119.1
C8—C7—H7A106.2C21—C22—H22A119.1
C6—C7—H7A106.2C22—C23—C24117.4 (3)
C15—C8—C9105.6 (3)C22—C23—H23A121.3
C15—C8—C7123.1 (3)C24—C23—H23A121.3
C9—C8—C7131.3 (3)N2—C24—C23129.3 (3)
C10—C9—C14117.8 (3)N2—C24—C19108.3 (3)
C10—C9—C8135.1 (3)C23—C24—C19122.5 (3)
C14—C9—C8107.1 (3)N2—C25—C18109.8 (3)
C11—C10—C9119.3 (3)N2—C25—C26116.6 (3)
C11—C10—H10A120.4C18—C25—C26133.4 (3)
C9—C10—H10A120.4O3—C26—O4123.4 (3)
C10—C11—C12121.3 (3)O3—C26—C25123.4 (3)
C10—C11—H11A119.3O4—C26—C25113.2 (3)
C12—C11—H11A119.3O4—C27—H27A109.5
C13—C12—C11121.6 (3)O4—C27—H27B109.5
C13—C12—H12A119.2H27A—C27—H27B109.5
C11—C12—H12A119.2O4—C27—H27C109.5
C12—C13—C14117.2 (3)H27A—C27—H27C109.5
C12—C13—H13A121.4H27B—C27—H27C109.5
C6—C1—C2—C3−0.4 (5)C14—N1—C15—C16−176.7 (3)
C1—C2—C3—C40.2 (5)C17—O2—C16—O1−2.2 (5)
C1—C2—C3—Cl1−179.2 (2)C17—O2—C16—C15174.5 (3)
C2—C3—C4—C50.1 (5)C8—C15—C16—O1−2.9 (5)
Cl1—C3—C4—C5179.6 (3)N1—C15—C16—O1173.6 (3)
C3—C4—C5—C6−0.4 (6)C8—C15—C16—O2−179.6 (3)
C2—C1—C6—C50.1 (5)N1—C15—C16—O2−3.1 (4)
C2—C1—C6—C7177.8 (3)C8—C7—C18—C25151.8 (3)
C4—C5—C6—C10.2 (5)C6—C7—C18—C25−78.6 (3)
C4—C5—C6—C7−177.4 (3)C8—C7—C18—C19−32.3 (4)
C1—C6—C7—C18−39.6 (4)C6—C7—C18—C1997.2 (3)
C5—C6—C7—C18138.0 (3)C25—C18—C19—C20176.3 (3)
C1—C6—C7—C888.9 (3)C7—C18—C19—C20−0.2 (5)
C5—C6—C7—C8−93.6 (3)C25—C18—C19—C24−1.0 (3)
C18—C7—C8—C15−65.3 (4)C7—C18—C19—C24−177.5 (3)
C6—C7—C8—C15167.7 (3)C24—C19—C20—C21−1.5 (4)
C18—C7—C8—C9113.9 (3)C18—C19—C20—C21−178.6 (3)
C6—C7—C8—C9−13.2 (4)C19—C20—C21—C22−0.5 (5)
C15—C8—C9—C10−177.0 (3)C20—C21—C22—C231.0 (6)
C7—C8—C9—C103.8 (6)C21—C22—C23—C240.6 (5)
C15—C8—C9—C141.7 (3)C25—N2—C24—C23179.4 (3)
C7—C8—C9—C14−177.5 (3)C25—N2—C24—C19−0.4 (3)
C14—C9—C10—C111.4 (5)C22—C23—C24—N2177.5 (3)
C8—C9—C10—C11179.9 (3)C22—C23—C24—C19−2.8 (5)
C9—C10—C11—C120.5 (5)C20—C19—C24—N2−176.9 (3)
C10—C11—C12—C13−1.7 (6)C18—C19—C24—N20.9 (3)
C11—C12—C13—C140.8 (5)C20—C19—C24—C233.3 (5)
C15—N1—C14—C13−179.6 (3)C18—C19—C24—C23−178.9 (3)
C15—N1—C14—C90.7 (3)C24—N2—C25—C18−0.2 (3)
C12—C13—C14—N1−178.5 (3)C24—N2—C25—C26174.8 (3)
C12—C13—C14—C91.2 (5)C19—C18—C25—N20.8 (3)
C10—C9—C14—N1177.5 (3)C7—C18—C25—N2177.4 (3)
C8—C9—C14—N1−1.5 (3)C19—C18—C25—C26−173.1 (3)
C10—C9—C14—C13−2.3 (5)C7—C18—C25—C263.5 (5)
C8—C9—C14—C13178.8 (3)C27—O4—C26—O3−1.7 (5)
C9—C8—C15—N1−1.3 (3)C27—O4—C26—C25176.8 (3)
C7—C8—C15—N1178.0 (3)N2—C25—C26—O3−7.7 (4)
C9—C8—C15—C16175.5 (3)C18—C25—C26—O3165.9 (3)
C7—C8—C15—C16−5.2 (5)N2—C25—C26—O4173.8 (3)
C14—N1—C15—C80.4 (3)C18—C25—C26—O4−12.6 (5)
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
N2—H2A···O1i0.862.042.862 (3)159
N1—H1A···O3ii0.862.082.923 (4)168
C20—H20A···Cg10.932.893.568 (4)131
C10—H10A···Cg30.932.903.705 (5)146
C27—H27A···Cg4iii0.962.783.719 (5)166
C11—H11A···Cg5iv0.932.883.750 (4)156
  6 in total

1.  Induction of apoptosis in MCF-7 cells by indole-3-carbinol is independent of p53 and bax.

Authors:  X Ge; F A Fares; S Yannai
Journal:  Anticancer Res       Date:  1999 Jul-Aug       Impact factor: 2.480

2.  Indole alkaloids from Balansia epichloë (Weese).

Authors:  J K Porter; C W Bacon; J D Robbins; D S Himmelsbach; H C Higman
Journal:  J Agric Food Chem       Date:  1976 Jan-Feb       Impact factor: 5.279

3.  A short history of SHELX.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr A       Date:  2007-12-21       Impact factor: 2.290

4.  Cytostatic and antiestrogenic effects of 2-(indol-3-ylmethyl)-3,3'-diindolylmethane, a major in vivo product of dietary indole-3-carbinol.

Authors:  Y C Chang; J Riby; G H Chang; B C Peng; G Firestone; L F Bjeldanes
Journal:  Biochem Pharmacol       Date:  1999-09-01       Impact factor: 5.858

5.  Diethyl 3,3'-(phenyl-methyl-ene)bis-(1H-indole-2-carboxyl-ate).

Authors:  Hong-Shun Sun; Yu-Long Li; Ning Xu; Hong Xu; Ji-Dong Zhang
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online       Date:  2012-08-25

6.  Dimethyl 3,3'-(phenyl-methyl-ene)bis-(1H-indole-2-carboxyl-ate).

Authors:  Hong-Shun Sun; Yu-Long Li; Ning Xu; Hong Xu; Ji-Dong Zhang
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online       Date:  2013-09-07
  6 in total
  5 in total

1.  Crystal structure of dimethyl 3,3'-[(3-fluoro-phenyl)methyl-ene]bis-(1H-indole-2-carboxyl-ate).

Authors:  Xin-Hua Lu; Hong-Shun Sun; Jin Hu
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online       Date:  2014-11-29

2.  Crystal structure of diethyl 3,3'-[(4-nitro-phen-yl)methyl-ene]bis-(1H-indole-2-carboxyl-ate).

Authors:  Hong-Shun Sun; Yu-Long Li; Hong Jiang; Yu-Liang Chen; Ya-Di Hu
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun       Date:  2017-11-28

3.  Crystal structure of diethyl 3,3'-[(2,4-di-chloro-phen-yl)methyl-idene]bis-(1H-indole-2-carboxyl-ate).

Authors:  Yu-Long Li; Hong-Shun Sun; Hong Jiang; Yu-Liang Chen; Yang-Feng Chen
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun       Date:  2017-11-03

4.  Crystal structure of dimethyl 3,3'-[(4-fluoro-phen-yl)methyl-ene]bis-(1H-indole-2-carboxyl-ate).

Authors:  Hong-Shun Sun; Yu-Long Li; Hong Jiang; Ning Xu; Hong Xu
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun       Date:  2015-09-12

5.  Crystal structure of diethyl 3,3'-[(2-fluoro-phen-yl)methyl-idene]bis-(1H-indole-2-carboxyl-ate).

Authors:  Xin-Hua Lu; Hong-Shun Sun; Yuan Cai; Lu-Lu Chen; Yang-Feng Chen
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun       Date:  2017-10-31
  5 in total

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