Literature DB >> 29152375

Crystal structure of diethyl 3,3'-[(2-fluoro-phen-yl)methyl-idene]bis-(1H-indole-2-carboxyl-ate).

Xin-Hua Lu1, Hong-Shun Sun1, Yuan Cai1, Lu-Lu Chen1, Yang-Feng Chen1.   

Abstract

In the title compound, C29H25FN2O4, the mean planes of the two indole ring systems (r.m.s. deviations = 0.1392 and 0.0115 Å) are approximately perpendicular to one another, subtending a dihedral angle of 86.0 (5)°; the benzene ring is twisted with respect to the mean planes of the two indole ring systems by 83.3 (2) and 88.1 (4)°, respectively. In the crystal, pairs of N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into centrosymmetric dimers, which are further linked by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds into supra-molecular chains propagating along the [101] direction.

Entities:  

Keywords:  MRI; bis­indole; contrast agent; crystal structure

Year:  2017        PMID: 29152375      PMCID: PMC5683515          DOI: 10.1107/S2056989017015523

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun


Chemical context

Bis(indol­yl)methane derivatives are abundantly present in various terrestrial and marine natural resources (Poter et al., 1977 ▸; Sundberg, 1996 ▸). They are important anti­biotics in the field of pharmaceuticals with diverse activities, such as anti­cancer, anti­leishmanial and anti­hyperlipidemic (Chang et al., 1999 ▸; Ge et al., 1999 ▸). On the other hand, bis­(indoly)methane derivatives can also be used as precursors for MRI necrosis avid contrast agents (Ni, 2008 ▸). In recent years, we have reported the synthesis and crystal structures of some similar bis­(indoly)methane compounds (Sun et al., 2012 ▸, 2015 ▸; Li et al., 2014 ▸; Lu et al., 2014 ▸). Now we report herein another bis­(indoly)methane compound.

Structural commentary

The mol­ecular structure of the title compound is shown in Fig. 1 ▸. The two indole ring systems are nearly perpendicular to each other [dihedral angle = 86.0 (5)°] while the benzene ring (C24–C29) is tilted with respect to the N1/C2–C9 and N2/C13–C20 indole ring systems, making dihedral angles of 83.3 (2) and 88.1 (4)°, respectively. The carboxyl groups are approximately co-planar with the attached indole moieties, the dihedral angles between the carboxyl groups and the mean plane of the attached indole ring system being 9.5 (2) and 7.2 (3)°.
Figure 1

The mol­ecular structure of the title mol­ecule with the atom-labelling scheme. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 30% probability level.

Supra­molecular features

In the crystal, pairs of N1—H1A⋯O1 hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into centrosymmetric dimers, which are further connected by N2—H2A⋯O3 hydrogen bonds into supra­molecular zigzag chains propagating along the [101] direction (Table 1 ▸ and Fig. 2 ▸).
Table 1

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)

D—H⋯A D—HH⋯A DA D—H⋯A
N1—H1A⋯O1i 0.862.102.881 (4)151
N2—H2A⋯O3ii 0.862.072.874 (3)157

Symmetry codes: (i) ; (ii) .

Figure 2

A packing diagram of the title compound. Hydrogen bonds are shown as dashed lines.

Database survey

Several similar structures have been reported previously, i.e. diethyl 3,3′-(phenyl­methyl­ene)bis­(1H-indole-2-carboxyl­ate) (Sun et al., 2012 ▸), dimethyl 3,3′-[(4-fluoro­phen­yl)methyl­ene]bis­(1H-indole-2-carboxyl­ate) (Sun et al., 2015 ▸), dimethyl 3,3′-[(4-chloro­phen­yl) methyl­ene]bis­(1H-indole-2-carboxyl­ate) (Li et al., 2014 ▸) and 3,3′-[(3-fluoro­phen­yl)methyl­ene]bis­(1H-indole-2-carboxyl­ate) (Lu et al., 2014 ▸).

Synthesis and crystallization

Ethyl indole-2-carboxyl­ate (1.88 g, 10 mmol) was dissolved in 20 ml ethanol; commercially available 2-fluoro­benzaldehyde (0.62 g, 5 mmol) was added and the mixture was heated to reflux temperature. Concentrated HCl (0.5 ml) was added and the reaction was left for 1 h. After cooling, the white product was filtered off and washed thoroughly with ethanol. The reaction was monitored by TLC (AcOEt:hexane = 1:3). Single crystals of the title compound suitable for X-ray analysis were obtained by slow evaporation of an ethanol solution, yield 90%.

Refinement

Crystal data, data collection and structure refinement details are summarized in Table 2 ▸. H atoms were positioned geometrically with N—H = 0.86 Å and C—H = 0.93–0.98 Å, and constrained to ride on their parent atoms with U iso(H) = xU eq(C,N), where x = 1.5 for methyl H atoms and 1.2 for all others.
Table 2

Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formulaC29H25FN2O4
M r 484.51
Crystal system, space groupTriclinic, P
Temperature (K)293
a, b, c (Å)8.8000 (18), 9.6610 (19), 15.369 (3)
α, β, γ (°)75.68 (3), 85.44 (3), 83.68 (3)
V3)1256.5 (4)
Z 2
Radiation typeMo Kα
μ (mm−1)0.09
Crystal size (mm)0.30 × 0.20 × 0.10
 
Data collection
DiffractometerNonius CAD-4
Absorption correctionψ scan (North et al., 1968)
T min, T max 0.973, 0.991
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections4947, 4621, 2648
R int 0.037
(sin θ/λ)max−1)0.603
 
Refinement
R[F 2 > 2σ(F 2)], wR(F 2), S 0.069, 0.186, 1.00
No. of reflections4621
No. of parameters325
No. of restraints2
H-atom treatmentH-atom parameters constrained
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3)0.37, −0.29

Computer programs: CAD-4 EXPRESS (Enraf–Nonius, 1994 ▸), XCAD4 (Harms & Wocadlo, 1995 ▸) and SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008 ▸).

Crystal structure: contains datablock(s) I, global. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989017015523/xu5908sup1.cif Structure factors: contains datablock(s) I. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989017015523/xu5908Isup2.hkl Click here for additional data file. Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989017015523/xu5908Isup3.cml CCDC reference: 1581855 Additional supporting information: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report
C29H25FN2O4Z = 2
Mr = 484.51F(000) = 508
Triclinic, P1Dx = 1.281 Mg m3
Hall symbol: -P 1Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
a = 8.8000 (18) ÅCell parameters from 25 reflections
b = 9.6610 (19) Åθ = 9–12°
c = 15.369 (3) ŵ = 0.09 mm1
α = 75.68 (3)°T = 293 K
β = 85.44 (3)°Block, colorless
γ = 83.68 (3)°0.30 × 0.20 × 0.10 mm
V = 1256.5 (4) Å3
Nonius CAD-4 diffractometer2648 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tubeRint = 0.037
Graphite monochromatorθmax = 25.4°, θmin = 1.4°
ω/2θ scansh = 0→10
Absorption correction: ψ scan (North et al., 1968)k = −11→11
Tmin = 0.973, Tmax = 0.991l = −18→18
4947 measured reflections3 standard reflections every 200 reflections
4621 independent reflections intensity decay: 1%
Refinement on F2Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: fullSecondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.069Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
wR(F2) = 0.186H-atom parameters constrained
S = 1.00w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.090P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
4621 reflections(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
325 parametersΔρmax = 0.37 e Å3
2 restraintsΔρmin = −0.29 e Å3
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes.
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > 2sigma(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger.
xyzUiso*/Ueq
F0.1008 (3)1.1359 (3)0.64799 (15)0.0892 (8)
N1−0.4074 (3)1.1149 (3)0.58021 (16)0.0475 (7)
H1A−0.45821.10740.53630.057*
O1−0.3400 (3)0.8585 (3)0.53292 (16)0.0649 (7)
C1−0.1205 (3)0.9767 (3)0.75362 (18)0.0355 (7)
H1B−0.04730.92760.71720.043*
N2−0.1865 (3)0.6560 (3)0.93763 (16)0.0444 (7)
H2A−0.15630.57440.97180.053*
O2−0.1486 (3)0.7970 (3)0.62507 (17)0.0638 (7)
C2−0.2422 (3)1.0600 (3)0.69080 (18)0.0380 (7)
O30.1216 (3)0.5759 (2)0.90831 (16)0.0634 (7)
C3−0.3183 (4)1.1998 (3)0.68783 (19)0.0417 (8)
O40.1394 (2)0.7613 (2)0.79087 (14)0.0507 (6)
C4−0.3137 (4)1.3049 (3)0.7359 (2)0.0529 (9)
H4A−0.24881.28930.78300.064*
C5−0.4062 (4)1.4314 (4)0.7129 (2)0.0606 (10)
H5A−0.40181.50150.74430.073*
C6−0.5063 (4)1.4570 (4)0.6435 (2)0.0605 (10)
H6A−0.56801.54330.62990.073*
C7−0.5152 (4)1.3575 (4)0.5952 (2)0.0551 (9)
H7A−0.58131.37510.54860.066*
C8−0.4223 (4)1.2284 (4)0.6177 (2)0.0467 (8)
C9−0.2988 (3)1.0132 (3)0.62295 (19)0.0393 (7)
C10−0.2664 (4)0.8840 (4)0.5891 (2)0.0467 (8)
C11−0.1055 (5)0.6707 (4)0.5897 (3)0.0861 (14)
H11A−0.16340.59300.62340.103*
H11B−0.13270.69210.52750.103*
C120.0510 (7)0.6258 (8)0.5943 (5)0.178 (3)
H12A0.07360.54380.56910.267*
H12B0.07780.60050.65590.267*
H12C0.10890.70210.56090.267*
C13−0.1830 (3)0.8604 (3)0.82871 (18)0.0353 (7)
C14−0.3323 (3)0.8555 (3)0.8754 (2)0.0405 (8)
C15−0.4693 (4)0.9485 (4)0.8693 (2)0.0479 (8)
H15A−0.47631.03510.82610.057*
C16−0.5897 (4)0.9099 (4)0.9272 (2)0.0622 (10)
H16A−0.67950.97110.92310.075*
C17−0.5836 (4)0.7812 (4)0.9929 (2)0.0620 (10)
H17A−0.66850.75851.03180.074*
C18−0.4548 (4)0.6886 (4)1.0008 (2)0.0528 (9)
H18A−0.45080.60231.04420.063*
C19−0.3295 (4)0.7259 (3)0.9426 (2)0.0422 (8)
C20−0.0989 (3)0.7352 (3)0.87031 (19)0.0376 (7)
C210.0629 (4)0.6816 (3)0.8594 (2)0.0418 (8)
C220.2998 (4)0.7133 (4)0.7765 (2)0.0571 (10)
H22A0.30980.61840.76490.069*
H22B0.35530.70940.82930.069*
C230.3614 (5)0.8187 (5)0.6976 (3)0.0827 (13)
H23A0.46760.79040.68580.124*
H23B0.35130.91200.71000.124*
H23C0.30530.82180.64600.124*
C24−0.0307 (3)1.0737 (3)0.7890 (2)0.0382 (7)
C25−0.0470 (4)1.0918 (3)0.8758 (2)0.0465 (8)
H25A−0.11611.04000.91670.056*
C260.0363 (5)1.1848 (4)0.9036 (3)0.0654 (11)
H26A0.02061.19670.96200.078*
C270.1401 (5)1.2582 (4)0.8465 (3)0.0695 (11)
H27A0.19571.32090.86540.083*
C280.1636 (5)1.2406 (4)0.7610 (3)0.0780 (12)
H28A0.23701.28890.72160.094*
C290.0772 (4)1.1507 (4)0.7339 (2)0.0564 (9)
U11U22U33U12U13U23
F0.111 (2)0.0973 (18)0.0577 (14)−0.0417 (15)0.0308 (13)−0.0126 (13)
N10.0534 (18)0.0491 (17)0.0401 (15)−0.0023 (14)−0.0122 (13)−0.0089 (13)
O10.0653 (16)0.0822 (19)0.0573 (15)0.0048 (14)−0.0190 (13)−0.0360 (14)
C10.0391 (17)0.0353 (16)0.0296 (15)0.0022 (14)−0.0054 (13)−0.0046 (13)
N20.0459 (16)0.0382 (15)0.0412 (15)0.0039 (13)−0.0051 (13)0.0028 (12)
O20.0672 (17)0.0560 (15)0.0732 (17)0.0115 (13)−0.0284 (14)−0.0253 (13)
C20.0433 (18)0.0373 (17)0.0297 (16)−0.0008 (14)−0.0064 (14)−0.0011 (13)
O30.0520 (15)0.0496 (14)0.0694 (16)0.0128 (12)−0.0009 (13)0.0132 (12)
C30.0471 (19)0.0410 (18)0.0325 (16)0.0018 (15)−0.0026 (14)−0.0030 (14)
O40.0452 (14)0.0510 (14)0.0462 (13)0.0065 (11)0.0017 (11)0.0003 (11)
C40.063 (2)0.047 (2)0.0464 (19)0.0075 (18)−0.0100 (17)−0.0090 (16)
C50.075 (3)0.044 (2)0.060 (2)0.0071 (19)−0.009 (2)−0.0092 (17)
C60.062 (3)0.049 (2)0.060 (2)0.0139 (18)−0.001 (2)−0.0031 (19)
C70.049 (2)0.057 (2)0.048 (2)0.0079 (18)−0.0100 (17)0.0050 (18)
C80.047 (2)0.047 (2)0.0386 (18)0.0018 (16)−0.0059 (15)0.0017 (15)
C90.0410 (18)0.0382 (17)0.0355 (17)0.0015 (14)−0.0061 (14)−0.0039 (14)
C100.047 (2)0.055 (2)0.0384 (18)−0.0085 (17)−0.0013 (16)−0.0107 (16)
C110.098 (4)0.056 (3)0.116 (4)0.008 (2)−0.022 (3)−0.044 (3)
C120.137 (6)0.164 (7)0.272 (10)0.044 (5)−0.060 (6)−0.135 (7)
C130.0357 (17)0.0361 (17)0.0333 (16)−0.0020 (13)−0.0032 (13)−0.0072 (13)
C140.0410 (19)0.0422 (18)0.0381 (17)−0.0016 (15)−0.0077 (15)−0.0082 (14)
C150.0401 (19)0.047 (2)0.051 (2)0.0038 (16)−0.0063 (16)−0.0036 (16)
C160.043 (2)0.068 (3)0.070 (3)0.0091 (19)0.0035 (19)−0.014 (2)
C170.050 (2)0.075 (3)0.057 (2)−0.009 (2)0.0058 (18)−0.010 (2)
C180.048 (2)0.053 (2)0.053 (2)−0.0056 (18)−0.0059 (17)−0.0028 (17)
C190.0422 (19)0.0435 (19)0.0398 (18)−0.0041 (15)−0.0044 (15)−0.0071 (15)
C200.0380 (18)0.0335 (17)0.0381 (17)−0.0039 (14)−0.0022 (14)−0.0024 (14)
C210.046 (2)0.0375 (18)0.0383 (18)0.0026 (15)−0.0074 (15)−0.0039 (15)
C220.044 (2)0.060 (2)0.063 (2)0.0032 (18)0.0058 (18)−0.0133 (19)
C230.065 (3)0.091 (3)0.084 (3)−0.011 (2)0.020 (2)−0.013 (3)
C240.0384 (18)0.0332 (16)0.0377 (17)0.0026 (14)−0.0060 (14)0.0000 (13)
C250.048 (2)0.046 (2)0.0441 (19)−0.0018 (16)−0.0078 (16)−0.0071 (15)
C260.077 (3)0.055 (2)0.069 (3)0.000 (2)−0.025 (2)−0.022 (2)
C270.066 (3)0.062 (3)0.082 (3)−0.014 (2)−0.016 (2)−0.014 (2)
C280.066 (3)0.064 (3)0.097 (3)−0.023 (2)0.001 (3)0.000 (2)
C290.062 (2)0.057 (2)0.049 (2)−0.0120 (19)−0.0008 (18)−0.0093 (18)
F—C291.360 (4)C12—H12A0.9600
N1—C81.349 (4)C12—H12B0.9600
N1—C91.372 (4)C12—H12C0.9600
N1—H1A0.8600C13—C201.384 (4)
O1—C101.205 (4)C13—C141.446 (4)
C1—C241.511 (4)C14—C191.412 (4)
C1—C131.513 (4)C14—C151.417 (4)
C1—C21.522 (4)C15—C161.351 (4)
C1—H1B0.9800C15—H15A0.9300
N2—C201.365 (4)C16—C171.393 (5)
N2—C191.367 (4)C16—H16A0.9300
N2—H2A0.8600C17—C181.358 (5)
O2—C101.326 (4)C17—H17A0.9300
O2—C111.456 (4)C18—C191.384 (4)
C2—C91.380 (4)C18—H18A0.9300
C2—C31.432 (4)C20—C211.472 (4)
O3—C211.200 (3)C22—C231.486 (5)
C3—C41.402 (4)C22—H22A0.9700
C3—C81.424 (4)C22—H22B0.9700
O4—C211.325 (4)C23—H23A0.9600
O4—C221.453 (4)C23—H23B0.9600
C4—C51.376 (4)C23—H23C0.9600
C4—H4A0.9300C24—C291.374 (4)
C5—C61.395 (5)C24—C251.382 (4)
C5—H5A0.9300C25—C261.383 (5)
C6—C71.364 (5)C25—H25A0.9300
C6—H6A0.9300C26—C271.347 (5)
C7—C81.396 (4)C26—H26A0.9300
C7—H7A0.9300C27—C281.363 (6)
C9—C101.460 (4)C27—H27A0.9300
C11—C121.400 (6)C28—C291.372 (5)
C11—H11A0.9700C28—H28A0.9300
C11—H11B0.9700
C8—N1—C9109.5 (3)C14—C13—C1129.9 (3)
C8—N1—H1A125.2C19—C14—C15117.5 (3)
C9—N1—H1A125.2C19—C14—C13107.3 (3)
C24—C1—C13111.8 (2)C15—C14—C13135.1 (3)
C24—C1—C2112.5 (2)C16—C15—C14119.2 (3)
C13—C1—C2113.1 (2)C16—C15—H15A120.4
C24—C1—H1B106.3C14—C15—H15A120.4
C13—C1—H1B106.3C15—C16—C17122.1 (3)
C2—C1—H1B106.3C15—C16—H16A119.0
C20—N2—C19109.8 (2)C17—C16—H16A119.0
C20—N2—H2A125.1C18—C17—C16120.7 (3)
C19—N2—H2A125.1C18—C17—H17A119.7
C10—O2—C11116.5 (3)C16—C17—H17A119.7
C9—C2—C3106.3 (3)C17—C18—C19118.4 (3)
C9—C2—C1125.3 (3)C17—C18—H18A120.8
C3—C2—C1128.4 (3)C19—C18—H18A120.8
C4—C3—C8117.8 (3)N2—C19—C18130.4 (3)
C4—C3—C2135.7 (3)N2—C19—C14107.4 (3)
C8—C3—C2106.4 (3)C18—C19—C14122.2 (3)
C21—O4—C22116.5 (2)N2—C20—C13110.1 (3)
C5—C4—C3119.3 (3)N2—C20—C21117.4 (3)
C5—C4—H4A120.3C13—C20—C21132.3 (3)
C3—C4—H4A120.3O3—C21—O4122.5 (3)
C4—C5—C6121.6 (4)O3—C21—C20123.4 (3)
C4—C5—H5A119.2O4—C21—C20114.0 (3)
C6—C5—H5A119.2O4—C22—C23107.0 (3)
C7—C6—C5121.0 (3)O4—C22—H22A110.3
C7—C6—H6A119.5C23—C22—H22A110.3
C5—C6—H6A119.5O4—C22—H22B110.3
C6—C7—C8118.2 (3)C23—C22—H22B110.3
C6—C7—H7A120.9H22A—C22—H22B108.6
C8—C7—H7A120.9C22—C23—H23A109.5
N1—C8—C7129.9 (3)C22—C23—H23B109.5
N1—C8—C3108.1 (3)H23A—C23—H23B109.5
C7—C8—C3122.0 (3)C22—C23—H23C109.5
N1—C9—C2109.7 (3)H23A—C23—H23C109.5
N1—C9—C10116.5 (3)H23B—C23—H23C109.5
C2—C9—C10133.9 (3)C29—C24—C25115.3 (3)
O1—C10—O2122.7 (3)C29—C24—C1120.1 (3)
O1—C10—C9123.0 (3)C25—C24—C1124.6 (3)
O2—C10—C9114.3 (3)C24—C25—C26121.9 (3)
C12—C11—O2112.8 (4)C24—C25—H25A119.1
C12—C11—H11A109.0C26—C25—H25A119.1
O2—C11—H11A109.0C27—C26—C25120.3 (4)
C12—C11—H11B109.0C27—C26—H26A119.8
O2—C11—H11B109.0C25—C26—H26A119.8
H11A—C11—H11B107.8C26—C27—C28120.0 (4)
C11—C12—H12A109.5C26—C27—H27A120.0
C11—C12—H12B109.5C28—C27—H27A120.0
H12A—C12—H12B109.5C27—C28—C29118.9 (4)
C11—C12—H12C109.5C27—C28—H28A120.5
H12A—C12—H12C109.5C29—C28—H28A120.5
H12B—C12—H12C109.5F—C29—C28118.1 (4)
C20—C13—C14105.4 (2)F—C29—C24118.3 (3)
C20—C13—C1124.6 (3)C28—C29—C24123.6 (4)
C24—C1—C2—C9153.2 (3)C19—C14—C15—C160.0 (5)
C13—C1—C2—C9−79.0 (4)C13—C14—C15—C16−178.2 (3)
C24—C1—C2—C3−25.5 (4)C14—C15—C16—C170.0 (6)
C13—C1—C2—C3102.3 (3)C15—C16—C17—C18−0.3 (6)
C9—C2—C3—C4−179.3 (4)C16—C17—C18—C190.6 (5)
C1—C2—C3—C4−0.4 (6)C20—N2—C19—C18−178.6 (3)
C9—C2—C3—C81.5 (3)C20—N2—C19—C14−0.1 (3)
C1—C2—C3—C8−179.6 (3)C17—C18—C19—N2177.7 (3)
C8—C3—C4—C5−1.3 (5)C17—C18—C19—C14−0.6 (5)
C2—C3—C4—C5179.5 (3)C15—C14—C19—N2−178.3 (3)
C3—C4—C5—C60.9 (5)C13—C14—C19—N20.3 (3)
C4—C5—C6—C7−0.6 (6)C15—C14—C19—C180.3 (5)
C5—C6—C7—C80.6 (5)C13—C14—C19—C18178.9 (3)
C9—N1—C8—C7178.2 (3)C19—N2—C20—C13−0.1 (4)
C9—N1—C8—C30.2 (4)C19—N2—C20—C21175.6 (3)
C6—C7—C8—N1−178.8 (3)C14—C13—C20—N20.3 (3)
C6—C7—C8—C3−1.1 (5)C1—C13—C20—N2177.5 (3)
C4—C3—C8—N1179.6 (3)C14—C13—C20—C21−174.5 (3)
C2—C3—C8—N1−1.1 (4)C1—C13—C20—C212.7 (5)
C4—C3—C8—C71.4 (5)C22—O4—C21—O30.8 (5)
C2—C3—C8—C7−179.2 (3)C22—O4—C21—C20−179.8 (3)
C8—N1—C9—C20.7 (4)N2—C20—C21—O3−2.8 (5)
C8—N1—C9—C10−178.8 (3)C13—C20—C21—O3171.7 (3)
C3—C2—C9—N1−1.4 (3)N2—C20—C21—O4177.8 (3)
C1—C2—C9—N1179.7 (3)C13—C20—C21—O4−7.8 (5)
C3—C2—C9—C10178.0 (3)C21—O4—C22—C23−179.5 (3)
C1—C2—C9—C10−0.9 (5)C13—C1—C24—C29157.1 (3)
C11—O2—C10—O13.4 (5)C2—C1—C24—C29−74.4 (4)
C11—O2—C10—C9−176.4 (3)C13—C1—C24—C25−22.3 (4)
N1—C9—C10—O1−7.4 (5)C2—C1—C24—C25106.2 (3)
C2—C9—C10—O1173.2 (3)C29—C24—C25—C262.0 (5)
N1—C9—C10—O2172.4 (3)C1—C24—C25—C26−178.5 (3)
C2—C9—C10—O2−7.0 (5)C24—C25—C26—C27−1.8 (5)
C10—O2—C11—C12150.0 (5)C25—C26—C27—C28−0.2 (6)
C24—C1—C13—C20−80.3 (4)C26—C27—C28—C291.8 (6)
C2—C1—C13—C20151.4 (3)C27—C28—C29—F179.1 (3)
C24—C1—C13—C1496.1 (3)C27—C28—C29—C24−1.5 (6)
C2—C1—C13—C14−32.1 (4)C25—C24—C29—F179.0 (3)
C20—C13—C14—C19−0.4 (3)C1—C24—C29—F−0.5 (5)
C1—C13—C14—C19−177.3 (3)C25—C24—C29—C28−0.4 (5)
C20—C13—C14—C15177.9 (3)C1—C24—C29—C28−179.8 (3)
C1—C13—C14—C151.0 (6)
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
N1—H1A···O1i0.862.102.881 (4)151
N2—H2A···O3ii0.862.072.874 (3)157
  6 in total

1.  Induction of apoptosis in MCF-7 cells by indole-3-carbinol is independent of p53 and bax.

Authors:  X Ge; F A Fares; S Yannai
Journal:  Anticancer Res       Date:  1999 Jul-Aug       Impact factor: 2.480

2.  A short history of SHELX.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr A       Date:  2007-12-21       Impact factor: 2.290

3.  Cytostatic and antiestrogenic effects of 2-(indol-3-ylmethyl)-3,3'-diindolylmethane, a major in vivo product of dietary indole-3-carbinol.

Authors:  Y C Chang; J Riby; G H Chang; B C Peng; G Firestone; L F Bjeldanes
Journal:  Biochem Pharmacol       Date:  1999-09-01       Impact factor: 5.858

4.  Crystal structure of dimethyl 3,3'-[(3-fluoro-phenyl)methyl-ene]bis-(1H-indole-2-carboxyl-ate).

Authors:  Xin-Hua Lu; Hong-Shun Sun; Jin Hu
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online       Date:  2014-11-29

5.  Diethyl 3,3'-(phenyl-methyl-ene)bis-(1H-indole-2-carboxyl-ate).

Authors:  Hong-Shun Sun; Yu-Long Li; Ning Xu; Hong Xu; Ji-Dong Zhang
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online       Date:  2012-08-25

6.  Crystal structure of dimethyl 3,3'-[(4-chloro-phen-yl)methyl-ene]bis-(1H-indole-2-carboxyl-ate).

Authors:  Yu-Long Li; Hong-Shun Sun; Hong Jiang; Ning Xu; Hong Xu
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online       Date:  2014-09-27
  6 in total

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