Michael von Rhein1, Julietta Kugler2, Rabia Liamlahi3, Walter Knirsch4, Beatrice Latal5, Liane Kaufmann6. 1. Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Pediatrics, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Brauerstr. 15, 8401 Winterthur, Switzerland. Electronic address: Michael.vonRhein@kispi.uzh.ch. 2. Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland. 3. Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; Division of Congenital Cardiovascular Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich/Children's Reseach Center, Switzerland. 4. Division of Congenital Cardiovascular Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich/Children's Reseach Center, Switzerland; Childrens Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland. 5. Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; Childrens Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland. 6. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy A, General Hospital, Milser Straße 10, 6060 Hall in Tyrol, Austria.
Abstract
AIM: This study assesses whether previously reported performance deficiencies in visuo-constructional and executive functions, using the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (ROCFT) in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), persist into adolescence. METHODS: 53 adolescent CHD patients (mean age 13.7) and 39 healthy controls (mean age 14.1) participated. ROCFT performance was measured by three different scoring methods, focusing either on quantitative (Meyers & Meyers, 1995), qualitative (Wallon & Mesmin, 2009), or both performance aspects (Bernstein & Waber, 1996). Potential confounders (i.e., intelligence and visuomotor integration) and surgery-related risk factors were included in the data analysis. RESULTS: Adolescents with CHD demonstrated immature copy and recall approaches on the ROCFT using the qualitative system by Wallon and Mesmin (p<.001). Memory performance was also predicted by Bernstein and Waber scores (p<.03), whereas group differences were not significant according to the other scoring methods. Intelligence and visuomotor skills, but not surgery-related risk factors, were positively correlated with ROCFT performance (each p<.02). Interpretation: Visuoconstructional and executive deficiencies could be found in adolescent patients with CHD. However, not all ROCFT scoring methods were equally apt to detect group differences: especially the qualitative scoring method developed by Wallon and Mesmin seems sufficiently sensitive to detect long-lasting visuo-constructional and executive deficiencies in CHD patients.
AIM: This study assesses whether previously reported performance deficiencies in visuo-constructional and executive functions, using the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (ROCFT) in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), persist into adolescence. METHODS: 53 adolescent CHD patients (mean age 13.7) and 39 healthy controls (mean age 14.1) participated. ROCFT performance was measured by three different scoring methods, focusing either on quantitative (Meyers & Meyers, 1995), qualitative (Wallon & Mesmin, 2009), or both performance aspects (Bernstein & Waber, 1996). Potential confounders (i.e., intelligence and visuomotor integration) and surgery-related risk factors were included in the data analysis. RESULTS: Adolescents with CHD demonstrated immature copy and recall approaches on the ROCFT using the qualitative system by Wallon and Mesmin (p<.001). Memory performance was also predicted by Bernstein and Waber scores (p<.03), whereas group differences were not significant according to the other scoring methods. Intelligence and visuomotor skills, but not surgery-related risk factors, were positively correlated with ROCFT performance (each p<.02). Interpretation: Visuoconstructional and executive deficiencies could be found in adolescent patients with CHD. However, not all ROCFT scoring methods were equally apt to detect group differences: especially the qualitative scoring method developed by Wallon and Mesmin seems sufficiently sensitive to detect long-lasting visuo-constructional and executive deficiencies in CHD patients.
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