Amy J Jak1, Matthew S Panizzon2, Kelly M Spoon3, Christine Fennema-Notestine4, Carol E Franz2, Wesley K Thompson2, Kristen C Jacobson5, Hong Xian6, Lisa T Eyler7, Eero Vuoksimaa8, Rosemary Toomey9, Michael J Lyons9, Michael C Neale10, Ming T Tsuang11, Anders M Dale12, William S Kremen11. 1. Psychology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA; Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA. Electronic address: ajak@ucsd.edu. 2. Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; Twin Research Laboratory, Center for Behavioral Genomics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA. 3. Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; Twin Research Laboratory, Center for Behavioral Genomics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; Computational Science Research Center, San Diego State University/Claremont Graduate University, San Diego, CA. 4. Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA. 5. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL. 6. Department of Biostatistics, Saint Louis University School of Public Health, St. Louis, MO; St. Louis VA Healthcare System, St. Louis, MO. 7. Psychology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA. 8. Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; Twin Research Laboratory, Center for Behavioral Genomics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Academy of Finland, Helsinki, Finland. 9. Department of Psychology, Boston University, Boston, MA. 10. Departments of Psychiatry and Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA. 11. Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; Twin Research Laboratory, Center for Behavioral Genomics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA. 12. Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: In an effort to address earliest detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), we examined hippocampal volumes and atrophy in middle-aged men to explore neuroanatomical support for different neuropsychological definitions of MCI. METHODS: 460 men aged 51-60 years underwent neuropsychological testing and MRI. MCI was defined according to five criteria sets. MRI-derived hippocampal volume and hippocampal occupancy (HOC) were obtained via FreeSurfer. Statistical analyses were performed using linear mixed models. RESULTS: Differences in HOC between normal cognitive functioning, amnestic, and non-amnestic MCI were observed using MCI criteria that required one impaired (>1.5 SD) cognitive measure in a given cognitive domain or a cognitive composite score method with a cut-point 2 SD below the mean. Differences in standard hippocampal volume were only found between normal and amnestic presentations and only when using the composite score method. CONCLUSION: Results provide empirical support for detection of pre-MCI in younger cohorts. Convergence of neuropsychological and neuroanatomical data, particularly HOC (as opposed to standard cross-sectional volume), supports early identification of MCI as defined by some neuropsychological criteria. Published by Elsevier Inc.
OBJECTIVE: In an effort to address earliest detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), we examined hippocampal volumes and atrophy in middle-aged men to explore neuroanatomical support for different neuropsychological definitions of MCI. METHODS: 460 men aged 51-60 years underwent neuropsychological testing and MRI. MCI was defined according to five criteria sets. MRI-derived hippocampal volume and hippocampal occupancy (HOC) were obtained via FreeSurfer. Statistical analyses were performed using linear mixed models. RESULTS: Differences in HOC between normal cognitive functioning, amnestic, and non-amnestic MCI were observed using MCI criteria that required one impaired (>1.5 SD) cognitive measure in a given cognitive domain or a cognitive composite score method with a cut-point 2 SD below the mean. Differences in standard hippocampal volume were only found between normal and amnestic presentations and only when using the composite score method. CONCLUSION: Results provide empirical support for detection of pre-MCI in younger cohorts. Convergence of neuropsychological and neuroanatomical data, particularly HOC (as opposed to standard cross-sectional volume), supports early identification of MCI as defined by some neuropsychological criteria. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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