| Literature DB >> 25305543 |
Karen Riiber Mandrup1, Hanna Katarina Lilith Johansson2, Julie Boberg3, Anne Stilling Pedersen2, Mette Sidsel Mortensen2, Jennifer Solgaard Jørgensen2, Anne Marie Vinggaard2, Ulla Hass2.
Abstract
Estrogenic chemicals are able to alter mammary gland development in female rodents, but little is known on the effects of anti-androgens and mixtures of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) with dissimilar modes of action. Pregnant rat dams were exposed during gestation and lactation to mixtures of environmentally relevant EDCs with estrogenic, anti-androgenic or dissimilar modes of action (TotalMix) of 100-, 200- or 450-fold high end human intake estimates. Mammary glands of prepubertal and adult female and male offspring were examined. Oestrogens increased mammary outgrowth in prepubertal females and the mRNA level of matrix metalloproteinase-3, which may be a potential biomarker for increased outgrowth. Mixtures of EDCs gave rise to ductal hyperplasia in adult males. Adult female mammary glands of the TotalMix group showed morphological changes possibly reflecting increased prolactin levels. In conclusion both estrogenic and anti-androgenic chemicals given during foetal life and lactation affected mammary glands in the offspring.Entities:
Keywords: Anti-androgens; Endocrine disruption; Histology; Mammary gland; Mix; Mmp; Oestrogens; Whole mount
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Year: 2014 PMID： 25305543 DOI： 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.09.016
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Reprod Toxicol ISSN： 0890-6238 Impact factor: 3.143