Dilek Demircan1, Sinem Ezgi Gülmez2, Başak Dönertaş1, Ibrahim Topcu3, Hüseyin Yılmaz4, Kemal Berkman1, Ahmet Akıcı1. 1. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey. 2. INSERM CIC-P 0005 Pharmacoépidémiologie, Service de Pharmacologie, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France. 3. Public Health Directorate of İstanbul, İstanbul, Turkey. 4. Provincial Health Directorate of İstanbul, İstanbul, Turkey.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Use of drugs that may lead to abuse or dependence are subject to controlled prescriptions (CPs) in many countries, and these are closely monitored by health authorities. According to national regulations in Turkey, CPs may be red coloured (RCPs) or green coloured (GCPs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of such drugs in Istanbul. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case-control study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: During the study period (01/01-31/12 2009), 502874 CPs were reported. Among these, 4000 CPs each month were randomly selected and evaluated. RESULTS: The majority of GCPs were issued to women (55.6%), while the majority of RCPs were issued to men (68.4%). GCPs were most frequently prescribed by physicians working in private hospitals (33.6%) while RCPs by physicians working in university hospitals (39.7%). GCPs were mostly prescribed by psychiatrists (37.6%) while for RCPs were child and adolescent psychiatrists (35.9%). Psycholeptics (ATC code N05) were the most prescribed controlled drugs (CDs) (43.8%). Methylphenidate (53.9%) was the mostly prescribed on RCPs and alprazolam (39.6%) was on GCPs. CONCLUSION: We demonstrate that utilization of CDs shows demographical and institutional differences. These data could be of help to improve surveillance of CDs as well as to train prescribers and patients.
OBJECTIVE: Use of drugs that may lead to abuse or dependence are subject to controlled prescriptions (CPs) in many countries, and these are closely monitored by health authorities. According to national regulations in Turkey, CPs may be red coloured (RCPs) or green coloured (GCPs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of such drugs in Istanbul. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case-control study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: During the study period (01/01-31/12 2009), 502874 CPs were reported. Among these, 4000 CPs each month were randomly selected and evaluated. RESULTS: The majority of GCPs were issued to women (55.6%), while the majority of RCPs were issued to men (68.4%). GCPs were most frequently prescribed by physicians working in private hospitals (33.6%) while RCPs by physicians working in university hospitals (39.7%). GCPs were mostly prescribed by psychiatrists (37.6%) while for RCPs were child and adolescent psychiatrists (35.9%). Psycholeptics (ATC code N05) were the most prescribed controlled drugs (CDs) (43.8%). Methylphenidate (53.9%) was the mostly prescribed on RCPs and alprazolam (39.6%) was on GCPs. CONCLUSION: We demonstrate that utilization of CDs shows demographical and institutional differences. These data could be of help to improve surveillance of CDs as well as to train prescribers and patients.
Entities:
Keywords:
Controlled prescriptions; controlled medicines; green and red coloured scripts; narcotics; psychotropic medications
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