| Literature DB >> 24992829 |
Louise A Kelly-Hope1, Jorge Cano, Michelle C Stanton, Moses J Bockarie, David H Molyneux.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The wide distribution of Loa loa infection (loiasis) throughout the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is a major obstacle to the plans to eliminate onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis (LF) because the standard drug regime is dependent on ivermectin, which cannot be used in co-endemic areas due to the risk of severe adverse events (SAEs). A better understanding of the micro-epidemiology, overlapping low and high risk areas, and how they relate to SAEs is critical to ensure safe and effective treatment.Entities:
Mesh:
Year: 2014 PMID: 24992829 PMCID: PMC4101798 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-307
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Parasit Vectors ISSN: 1756-3305 Impact factor: 3.876
Figure 1Geographical patterns of loiasis and onchocerciasis prevalence levels in relation to health districts reporting SAEs. Grey shading indicates SAE areas. Yellow dots indicate loiasis prevalence A. <20% B. 20 to 40% C. >40%. Brown dots indicate onchocerciasis prevalence D. <20% E. 20 to 40% F. >40%.
Summary of prevalence distribution by status of SAE area
| | | | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | ||||
| | | | | | | |
| 0-20% | 4 | 5% | 67 | 95% | 71 | |
| 20-40% | 21 | 49% | 22 | 51% | 43 | |
| > 40% | 11 | 37% | 19 | 63% | 30 | <0.01 |
| | | | | | | |
| 0-20% | 18 | 25% | 55 | 75% | 73 | |
| 20-40% | 10 | 29% | 24 | 71% | 34 | |
| > 40% | 8 | 21% | 29 | 78% | 37 | 0.75 |
| | | | | | | |
| Nil | 22 | 24% | 68 | 76% | 90 | |
| <20% | 0 | 0% | 27 | 100% | 27 | |
| ≥20% | 14 | 52% | 13 | 48% | 27 | <0.01 |
| 36 | 108 | 144 | ||||
Contingency table, plus p-value from a Pearson’s Chi-squared test.
Regression model
| | | | |
| 0-20% | - | - | - |
| 20-40% | 15.99 | (5.41, 59.48) | <0.01 |
| 40% | 9.70 | (2.96, 38.28) | <0.01 |
| | | | |
| 0-20% | - | | |
| 20-40% | 1.27 | (0.50, 3.13) | 0.60 |
| ≥40% | 0.84 | (0.31, 2.12) | 0.72 |
| | | | |
| Nil | - | - | - |
| <20% | 0.00 | | 0.99 |
| ≥20% | 3.33 | (1.36, 8.26) | 0.01 |
Results obtained by fitting univariate logistic regression models to the SAE area data.
Figure 2Geographical patterns of overlapping high and low loiasis and onchocerciasis prevalence levels in relation to historical co-endemicity and health districts reporting severe adverse reactions. Grey shading indicates SAE areas. Yellow dots with brown perimeter indicate overlapping loiasis and onchocerciasis prevalence A. <20% B. >20%. Historical prevalence and co-endemic zones are outlined in C, and the geographical relationship between historical co-endemic zones, overlapping prevalences of >20% and SAE areas highlighted in D.