Bríain Ó Hartaigh1, Thomas M Gill2, Imran Shah3, Alun D Hughes4, John E Deanfield5, Diana Kuh3, Rebecca Hardy3. 1. Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatrics, Yale School of Medicine, Adler Geriatric Centre, New Haven, USA Department of Radiology, Dalio Institute of Cardiovascular Imaging, New York-Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA. 2. Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatrics, Yale School of Medicine, Adler Geriatric Centre, New Haven, USA. 3. MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK. 4. International Centre for Circulatory Health, National Heart and Lung Institute Division, Imperial College London, London, UK. 5. National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcome Research, University College London, London, UK.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Resting heart rate (RHR) is an independent risk factor for mortality. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether elevations in childhood and mid-adulthood RHR, including changes over time, are associated with mortality later in life. We sought to evaluate the association between RHR across the life course, along with its changes and all-cause mortality. METHODS: We studied 4638 men and women from the Medical Research Council (MRC) National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD) cohort born during 1 week in 1946. RHR was obtained during childhood at ages 6, 7 and 11, and in mid-adulthood at ages 36 and 43. Using multivariable Cox regression, we calculated the HR for incident mortality according to RHR measured at each time point, along with changes in mid-adulthood RHR. RESULTS: At age 11, those in the top fifth of the RHR distribution (≥97 bpm) had an increased adjusted hazard of 1.42 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.93) for all-cause mortality. A higher adjusted risk (HR, 95% CI 2.17, 1.40 to 3.36) of death was also observed for those in the highest fifth (≥81 bpm) at age 43. For a >25 bpm increased change in the RHR over the course of 7 years (age 36-43), the adjusted hazard was elevated more than threefold (HR, 95% CI 3.26, 1.54 to 6.90). After adjustment, RHR at ages 6, 7 and 36 were not associated with all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated RHR during childhood and midlife, along with greater changes in mid-adulthood RHR, are associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.
BACKGROUND: Resting heart rate (RHR) is an independent risk factor for mortality. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether elevations in childhood and mid-adulthood RHR, including changes over time, are associated with mortality later in life. We sought to evaluate the association between RHR across the life course, along with its changes and all-cause mortality. METHODS: We studied 4638 men and women from the Medical Research Council (MRC) National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD) cohort born during 1 week in 1946. RHR was obtained during childhood at ages 6, 7 and 11, and in mid-adulthood at ages 36 and 43. Using multivariable Cox regression, we calculated the HR for incident mortality according to RHR measured at each time point, along with changes in mid-adulthood RHR. RESULTS: At age 11, those in the top fifth of the RHR distribution (≥97 bpm) had an increased adjusted hazard of 1.42 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.93) for all-cause mortality. A higher adjusted risk (HR, 95% CI 2.17, 1.40 to 3.36) of death was also observed for those in the highest fifth (≥81 bpm) at age 43. For a >25 bpm increased change in the RHR over the course of 7 years (age 36-43), the adjusted hazard was elevated more than threefold (HR, 95% CI 3.26, 1.54 to 6.90). After adjustment, RHR at ages 6, 7 and 36 were not associated with all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated RHR during childhood and midlife, along with greater changes in mid-adulthood RHR, are associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.
Entities:
Keywords:
Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease; Life Course Epidemiology; Longitudinal Studies
Authors: Marie Therese Cooney; Erkki Vartiainen; Tiina Laatikainen; Tinna Laakitainen; Anne Juolevi; Alexandra Dudina; Ian M Graham Journal: Am Heart J Date: 2010-04 Impact factor: 4.749
Authors: C Legeai; X Jouven; M Tafflet; J F Dartigues; C Helmer; K Ritchie; P Amouyel; C Tzourio; P Ducimetière; J P Empana Journal: Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil Date: 2011-02-25
Authors: Erin R Rademacher; David R Jacobs; Antoinette Moran; Julia Steinberger; Ronald J Prineas; Alan Sinaiko Journal: J Hypertens Date: 2009-09 Impact factor: 4.844
Authors: George D Giannoglou; Yiannis S Chatzizisis; Chrysanthos Zamboulis; George E Parcharidis; Dimitri P Mikhailidis; George E Louridas Journal: Int J Cardiol Date: 2008-02-20 Impact factor: 4.164
Authors: Xavier Jouven; Jean Philippe Empana; Sylvie Escolano; Jean François Buyck; Muriel Tafflet; Michel Desnos; Pierre Ducimetière Journal: Am J Cardiol Date: 2008-11-07 Impact factor: 2.778
Authors: Mirja Quante; Rui Wang; Jia Weng; Carol L Rosen; Raouf Amin; Susan L Garetz; Eliot Katz; Shalini Paruthi; Raanan Arens; Hiren Muzumdar; Carole L Marcus; Susan Ellenberg; Susan Redline Journal: Sleep Date: 2015-09-01 Impact factor: 5.849
Authors: Constantin-Cristian Topriceanu; James C Moon; Rebecca Hardy; Alun D Hughes; Gabriella Captur Journal: J Am Heart Assoc Date: 2021-09-25 Impact factor: 5.501