Irina Stepanov1, Lois Biener2, Katrina Yershova3, Amy L Nyman2, Robin Bliss3, Mark Parascandola4, Dorothy K Hatsukami5. 1. Division of Environmental Health Sciences and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; stepa011@umn.edu. 2. Center for Survey Research, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA; 3. Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; 4. Tobacco Control Research Branch, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; 5. Masonic Cancer Center and Tobacco Research Programs, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Analysis of novel smokeless tobacco products purchased in Round I of the New Product Watch (NPW)-a national tobacco monitoring network-demonstrated that some tobacco constituents vary not only across various brands but also regionally and over time within the same product. In this study, we analyzed snus and dissolvable tobacco products that were purchased in Round II of the NPW. METHODS: We analyzed tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (TSNA) and nicotine in snus and dissolvable tobacco products that were purchased in various regions of the country during the spring and summer of 2011. The results were compared against the Round I data, across different U.S. regions, and among products. RESULTS: A total of 216 samples were received from different states representing 6 regions of the country. Compared with the previous analyses, TSNA levels increased significantly in Marlboro and Camel Snus and some dissolvable Camel products. The levels of unprotonated nicotine in Marlboro Snus and Camel Snus in this study were not different from Round I but varied significantly by regions; the differences between the highest and the lowest average regional levels were ~3.2-fold in Marlboro Snus ~1.7-fold in Camel Snus. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that some novel smokeless tobacco products contain TSNA at the levels found in the conventional moist snuff. Observation of regional variations in unprotonated nicotine content in both Round I and Round II of NPW suggest that manufacturers may tailor the levels of this constituent consistently to different regions.
INTRODUCTION: Analysis of novel smokeless tobacco products purchased in Round I of the New Product Watch (NPW)-a national tobacco monitoring network-demonstrated that some tobacco constituents vary not only across various brands but also regionally and over time within the same product. In this study, we analyzed snus and dissolvable tobacco products that were purchased in Round II of the NPW. METHODS: We analyzed tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (TSNA) and nicotine in snus and dissolvable tobacco products that were purchased in various regions of the country during the spring and summer of 2011. The results were compared against the Round I data, across different U.S. regions, and among products. RESULTS: A total of 216 samples were received from different states representing 6 regions of the country. Compared with the previous analyses, TSNA levels increased significantly in Marlboro and Camel Snus and some dissolvable Camel products. The levels of unprotonated nicotine in Marlboro Snus and Camel Snus in this study were not different from Round I but varied significantly by regions; the differences between the highest and the lowest average regional levels were ~3.2-fold in Marlboro Snus ~1.7-fold in Camel Snus. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that some novel smokeless tobacco products contain TSNA at the levels found in the conventional moist snuff. Observation of regional variations in unprotonated nicotine content in both Round I and Round II of NPW suggest that manufacturers may tailor the levels of this constituent consistently to different regions.
Authors: Irina Stepanov; Lois Biener; Aleksandar Knezevich; Amy L Nyman; Robin Bliss; Joni Jensen; Stephen S Hecht; Dorothy K Hatsukami Journal: Nicotine Tob Res Date: 2011-10-29 Impact factor: 4.244
Authors: S-H Zhu; J B Wang; A Hartman; Y Zhuang; A Gamst; J T Gibson; H Gilljam; M R Galanti Journal: Tob Control Date: 2009-01-23 Impact factor: 7.552
Authors: Andrew C Harris; Laura Tally; Clare E Schmidt; Peter Muelken; Irina Stepanov; Subhrakanti Saha; Rachel Isaksson Vogel; Mark G LeSage Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2014-12-23 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Kathryn M Wilson; Sarah C Markt; Fang Fang; Caroline Nordenvall; Jennifer R Rider; Weimin Ye; Hans-Olov Adami; Pär Stattin; Olof Nyrén; Lorelei A Mucci Journal: Int J Cancer Date: 2016-12-15 Impact factor: 7.396
Authors: Sarah E Adkison; Maansi Bansal-Travers; Vaughan W Rees; Dorothy K Hatsukami; K Michael Cummings; Richard J O'Connor Journal: Am J Health Behav Date: 2016-09
Authors: Yingning Wang; Hai-Yen Sung; James Lightwood; Benjamin W Chaffee; Tingting Yao; Wendy Max Journal: Nicotine Tob Res Date: 2018-09-25 Impact factor: 4.244
Authors: Micah L Berman; Warren K Bickel; Andrew C Harris; Mark G LeSage; Richard J O'Connor; Irina Stepanov; Peter G Shields; Dorothy K Hatsukami Journal: Nicotine Tob Res Date: 2018-09-25 Impact factor: 4.244
Authors: Matthew J Carpenter; Amy E Wahlquist; Jessica L Burris; Kevin M Gray; Elizabeth Garrett-Mayer; K Michael Cummings; Anthony J Alberg Journal: Tob Control Date: 2016-04-12 Impact factor: 7.552