Anne C Meyer-Gerspach1, Bettina Wölnerhanssen1, Bettina Beglinger2, Falk Nessenius2, Marylin Napitupulu2, Felix H Schulte3, Robert E Steinert1, Christoph Beglinger4. 1. Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland. 2. Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland. 3. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland. 4. Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland. Electronic address: beglinger@tmr.ch.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The gastrointestinal tract plays a key role in feelings of satiation. It is known that there is a reciprocal interaction between the stomach and intestine, but it is not known which factors are of gastric origin and which are intestinal. This three-step study therefore sought to provide illumination on satiation parameters with respect to body mass. METHOD: In the first part, the time needed to reach maximal satiation and total caloric intake was calculated after participants (20 normal weight, 20 obese) imbibed a standardized nutrient drink. In the second part gastric emptying of solids and liquids was evaluated using the (13)C-breath test (participants: 16 normal weight, 9 obese for gastric emptying of solids; 15 normal weight, 14 obese for gastric emptying of liquids). And in the third part, fasting and post-prandial plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) and ghrelin levels were measured after a standardized nutrient drink (participants: 20 normal weight, 20 obese). RESULTS: Our results show that, when compared to those of normal weight, obese participants reached maximal satiation sooner (P=0.006), their total intake of calories was higher (P=0.013), and their gastric emptying rates were delayed (P<0.001). Furthermore, their post-prandial increase in plasma GLP-1 and PYY was reduced, (P<0.001 for both), as was their ghrelin suppression (P=0.001). DISCUSSION: We conclude that, in obese subjects gastric emptying can be impaired with delayed interaction of nutrients with the intestine resulting in decreased GLP-1 and PYY secretion. This could imply that obese participants would require more calories before their maximal satiation is reached and they stop eating.
OBJECTIVE: The gastrointestinal tract plays a key role in feelings of satiation. It is known that there is a reciprocal interaction between the stomach and intestine, but it is not known which factors are of gastric origin and which are intestinal. This three-step study therefore sought to provide illumination on satiation parameters with respect to body mass. METHOD: In the first part, the time needed to reach maximal satiation and total caloric intake was calculated after participants (20 normal weight, 20 obese) imbibed a standardized nutrient drink. In the second part gastric emptying of solids and liquids was evaluated using the (13)C-breath test (participants: 16 normal weight, 9 obese for gastric emptying of solids; 15 normal weight, 14 obese for gastric emptying of liquids). And in the third part, fasting and post-prandial plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) and ghrelin levels were measured after a standardized nutrient drink (participants: 20 normal weight, 20 obese). RESULTS: Our results show that, when compared to those of normal weight, obeseparticipants reached maximal satiation sooner (P=0.006), their total intake of calories was higher (P=0.013), and their gastric emptying rates were delayed (P<0.001). Furthermore, their post-prandial increase in plasma GLP-1 and PYY was reduced, (P<0.001 for both), as was their ghrelin suppression (P=0.001). DISCUSSION: We conclude that, in obese subjects gastric emptying can be impaired with delayed interaction of nutrients with the intestine resulting in decreased GLP-1 and PYY secretion. This could imply that obeseparticipants would require more calories before their maximal satiation is reached and they stop eating.
Authors: Robert E Steinert; Christine Feinle-Bisset; Lori Asarian; Michael Horowitz; Christoph Beglinger; Nori Geary Journal: Physiol Rev Date: 2017-01 Impact factor: 37.312
Authors: J C Espinós; R Turró; G Moragas; A Bronstone; J N Buchwald; F Mearin; A Mata; H Uchima; J Turró; S Delgado-Aros Journal: Obes Surg Date: 2016-05 Impact factor: 4.129