Rachel A Murphy1, Ilse Reinders, Thomas C Register, Hilsa N Ayonayon, Anne B Newman, Suzanne Satterfield, Bret H Goodpaster, Eleanor M Simonsick, Stephen B Kritchevsky, Tamara B Harris. 1. Laboratory of Epidemiology, and Population Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD (RAM, IR, and TBH); the Sections on Comparative Medicine Pathology, Radiology (TCR), and Gerontology and Geriatrics (SBK), Sticht Center on Aging, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (HNA); the Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (ABN); the Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN (SS); the Center for Aging and Population Health, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (BHG); and the Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD (EMS).
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Obesity is a risk factor for disability, but risk of specific adipose depots is not completely understood. OBJECTIVE: We investigated associations between mobility limitation, performance, and the following adipose measures: body mass index (BMI) and areas and densities of visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) in older adults. DESIGN: This was a prospective population-based study of men (n = 1459) and women (n = 1552) initially aged 70-79 y and free from mobility limitation. BMI was determined from measured height and weight. Adipose tissue area and density in Hounsfield units were measured in the thigh and abdomen by using computed tomography. Mobility limitation was defined as 2 consecutive reports of difficulty walking one-quarter mile or climbing 10 steps during semiannual assessments over 13 y. Poor performance was defined as a gait speed <1 m/s after 9 y of follow-up (n = 1542). RESULTS: In models adjusted for disability risk factors, BMI, and areas of VAT, abdominal SAT, and IMAT were positively associated with mobility limitation in men and women. In women, thigh SAT area was positively associated with mobility limitation risk, whereas VAT density was inversely associated. Associations were similar for poor performance. BMI and thigh IMAT area (independent of BMI) were particularly strong indicators of incident mobility limitation and poor performance. For example, in women, the HR (95% CI) and OR (95% CI) associated with an SD increment in BMI for mobility limitation and poor performance were 1.31 (1.21, 1.42) and 1.41 (1.13, 1.76), respectively. In men, the HR (95% CI) and OR (95% CI) associated with an SD increment in thigh IMAT for mobility limitation and poor performance were 1.37 (1.27, 1.47) and 1.54 (1.18, 2.02), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Even into old age, higher BMI is associated with mobility limitation and poor performance. The amount of adipose tissue in abdominal and thigh depots may also convey risk beyond BMI.
BACKGROUND: Obesity is a risk factor for disability, but risk of specific adipose depots is not completely understood. OBJECTIVE: We investigated associations between mobility limitation, performance, and the following adipose measures: body mass index (BMI) and areas and densities of visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) in older adults. DESIGN: This was a prospective population-based study of men (n = 1459) and women (n = 1552) initially aged 70-79 y and free from mobility limitation. BMI was determined from measured height and weight. Adipose tissue area and density in Hounsfield units were measured in the thigh and abdomen by using computed tomography. Mobility limitation was defined as 2 consecutive reports of difficulty walking one-quarter mile or climbing 10 steps during semiannual assessments over 13 y. Poor performance was defined as a gait speed <1 m/s after 9 y of follow-up (n = 1542). RESULTS: In models adjusted for disability risk factors, BMI, and areas of VAT, abdominal SAT, and IMAT were positively associated with mobility limitation in men and women. In women, thigh SAT area was positively associated with mobility limitation risk, whereas VAT density was inversely associated. Associations were similar for poor performance. BMI and thigh IMAT area (independent of BMI) were particularly strong indicators of incident mobility limitation and poor performance. For example, in women, the HR (95% CI) and OR (95% CI) associated with an SD increment in BMI for mobility limitation and poor performance were 1.31 (1.21, 1.42) and 1.41 (1.13, 1.76), respectively. In men, the HR (95% CI) and OR (95% CI) associated with an SD increment in thigh IMAT for mobility limitation and poor performance were 1.37 (1.27, 1.47) and 1.54 (1.18, 2.02), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Even into old age, higher BMI is associated with mobility limitation and poor performance. The amount of adipose tissue in abdominal and thigh depots may also convey risk beyond BMI.
Authors: Kristen M Beavers; Michael E Miller; W Jack Rejeski; Barbara J Nicklas; Stephen B Krichevsky; Stephen B Kritchevsky Journal: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci Date: 2012-04-13 Impact factor: 6.053
Authors: W Jack Rejeski; Edward H Ip; Alain G Bertoni; George A Bray; Gina Evans; Edward W Gregg; Qiang Zhang Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2012-03-29 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Alfonso J Cruz-Jentoft; Jean Pierre Baeyens; Jürgen M Bauer; Yves Boirie; Tommy Cederholm; Francesco Landi; Finbarr C Martin; Jean-Pierre Michel; Yves Rolland; Stéphane M Schneider; Eva Topinková; Maurits Vandewoude; Mauro Zamboni Journal: Age Ageing Date: 2010-04-13 Impact factor: 10.668
Authors: Alice M Arnold; Anne B Newman; Mary Cushman; Jingzhong Ding; Stephen Kritchevsky Journal: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci Date: 2009-04-22 Impact factor: 6.053
Authors: Rachel A Murphy; Thomas C Register; Carol A Shively; J Jeffrey Carr; Yaorong Ge; Marta E Heilbrun; Steven R Cummings; Annemarie Koster; Michael C Nevitt; Suzanne Satterfield; Frances A Tylvasky; Elsa S Strotmeyer; Anne B Newman; Eleanor M Simonsick; Ann Scherzinger; Bret H Goodpaster; Lenore J Launer; Gudny Eiriksdottir; Sigurdur Sigurdsson; Gunnar Sigurdsson; Vilmundur Gudnason; Thomas F Lang; Stephen B Kritchevsky; Tamara B Harris Journal: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci Date: 2013-05-24 Impact factor: 6.053
Authors: S Stenholm; D Alley; S Bandinelli; M E Griswold; S Koskinen; T Rantanen; J M Guralnik; L Ferrucci Journal: Int J Obes (Lond) Date: 2009-04-21 Impact factor: 5.095
Authors: Lisa A Tseng; Matthew J Delmonico; Marjolein Visser; Robert M Boudreau; Bret H Goodpaster; Ann V Schwartz; Eleanor M Simonsick; Suzanne Satterfield; Tamara Harris; Anne B Newman Journal: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci Date: 2013-05-16 Impact factor: 6.053
Authors: Rachel A Murphy; Ashley K Hagaman; Ilse Reinders; Jeremy A Steeves; Anne B Newman; Susan M Rubin; Suzanne Satterfield; Stephen B Kritchevsky; Kristine Yaffe; Hilsa N Ayonayon; Daniel S Nagin; Eleanor M Simonsick; Brenda W J H Penninx; Tamara B Harris Journal: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci Date: 2015-08-13 Impact factor: 6.053
Authors: Adam J Santanasto; Iva Miljkovic; Ryan C Cvejkus; Christopher L Gordon; Clareann H Bunker; Allen L Patrick; Victor W Wheeler; Joseph M Zmuda Journal: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci Date: 2019-02-15 Impact factor: 6.053
Authors: Samar R El Khoudary; Xirun Chen; Alexis Nasr; Kelly Shields; Emma Barinas-Mitchell; Imke Janssen; Susan A Everson-Rose; Lynda Powell; Karen Matthews Journal: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci Date: 2019-11-13 Impact factor: 6.053
Authors: Samannaaz S Khoja; Charity G Moore; Bret H Goodpaster; Anthony Delitto; Sara R Piva Journal: Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) Date: 2018-02-06 Impact factor: 4.794
Authors: J Fernandes de Souza Barbosa; C Dos Santos Gomes; J Vilton Costa; T Ahmed; M V Zunzunegui; C-L Curcio; F Gomez; R Oliveira Guerra Journal: J Nutr Health Aging Date: 2018 Impact factor: 4.075
Authors: Adam J Santanasto; Iva Miljkovic; Ryan K Cvejkus; Victor W Wheeler; Joseph M Zmuda Journal: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci Date: 2020-06-18 Impact factor: 6.053