Kate Hunt1, Sally Wyke2, Cindy M Gray3, Annie S Anderson4, Adrian Brady5, Christopher Bunn3, Peter T Donnan6, Elisabeth Fenwick7, Eleanor Grieve7, Jim Leishman8, Euan Miller9, Nanette Mutrie10, Petra Rauchhaus6, Alan White11, Shaun Treweek12. 1. Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. 2. Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. Electronic address: sally.wyke@glasgow.ac.uk. 3. Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. 4. Centre for Public Health Nutrition Research, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK. 5. NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK. 6. Division of Population Health Sciences, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK. 7. Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. 8. NHS Forth Valley, Boness, UK. 9. Scottish Premier League Trust, Hampden Park, Glasgow, UK. 10. Moray House School of Education, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. 11. Centre for Men's Health, Faculty of Health and Social Science, Leeds Metropolitan University, Leeds, UK. 12. Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building, Aberdeen, UK.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of male obesity is increasing but few men take part in weight loss programmes. We assessed the effect of a weight loss and healthy living programme on weight loss in football (soccer) fans. METHODS: We did a two-group, pragmatic, randomised controlled trial of 747 male football fans aged 35-65 years with a body-mass index (BMI) of 28 kg/m(2) or higher from 13 Scottish professional football clubs. Participants were randomly assigned with SAS (version 9·2, block size 2-9) in a 1:1 ratio, stratified by club, to a weight loss programme delivered by community coaching staff in 12 sessions held every week. The intervention group started a weight loss programme within 3 weeks, and the comparison group were put on a 12 month waiting list. All participants received a weight management booklet. Primary outcome was mean difference in weight loss between groups at 12 months, expressed as absolute weight and a percentage of their baseline weight. Primary outcome assessment was masked. Analyses were based on intention to treat. The trial is registered with Current Controlled Trials, number ISRCTN32677491. FINDINGS: 374 men were allocated to the intervention group and 374 to the comparison group. 333 (89%) of the intervention group and 355 (95%) of the comparison group completed 12 month assessments. At 12 months the mean difference in weight loss between groups, adjusted for baseline weight and club, was 4·94 kg (95% CI 3·95-5·94) and percentage weight loss, similarly adjusted, was 4·36% (3·64-5·08), both in favour of the intervention (p<0·0001). Eight serious adverse events were reported, five in the intervention group (lost consciousness due to drugs for pre-existing angina, gallbladder removal, hospital admission with suspected heart attack, ruptured gut, and ruptured Achilles tendon) and three in the comparison group (transient ischaemic attack, and two deaths). Of these, two adverse events were reported as related to participation in the programme (gallbladder removal and ruptured Achilles tendon). INTERPRETATION: The FFIT programme can help a large proportion of men to lose a clinically important amount of weight; it offers one effective strategy to challenge male obesity. FUNDING: Scottish Government and The UK Football Pools funded delivery of the programme through a grant to the Scottish Premier League Trust. The National Institute for Health Research Public Health Research Programme funded the assessment (09/3010/06).
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of male obesity is increasing but few men take part in weight loss programmes. We assessed the effect of a weight loss and healthy living programme on weight loss in football (soccer) fans. METHODS: We did a two-group, pragmatic, randomised controlled trial of 747 male football fans aged 35-65 years with a body-mass index (BMI) of 28 kg/m(2) or higher from 13 Scottish professional football clubs. Participants were randomly assigned with SAS (version 9·2, block size 2-9) in a 1:1 ratio, stratified by club, to a weight loss programme delivered by community coaching staff in 12 sessions held every week. The intervention group started a weight loss programme within 3 weeks, and the comparison group were put on a 12 month waiting list. All participants received a weight management booklet. Primary outcome was mean difference in weight loss between groups at 12 months, expressed as absolute weight and a percentage of their baseline weight. Primary outcome assessment was masked. Analyses were based on intention to treat. The trial is registered with Current Controlled Trials, number ISRCTN32677491. FINDINGS: 374 men were allocated to the intervention group and 374 to the comparison group. 333 (89%) of the intervention group and 355 (95%) of the comparison group completed 12 month assessments. At 12 months the mean difference in weight loss between groups, adjusted for baseline weight and club, was 4·94 kg (95% CI 3·95-5·94) and percentage weight loss, similarly adjusted, was 4·36% (3·64-5·08), both in favour of the intervention (p<0·0001). Eight serious adverse events were reported, five in the intervention group (lost consciousness due to drugs for pre-existing angina, gallbladder removal, hospital admission with suspected heart attack, ruptured gut, and ruptured Achilles tendon) and three in the comparison group (transient ischaemic attack, and two deaths). Of these, two adverse events were reported as related to participation in the programme (gallbladder removal and ruptured Achilles tendon). INTERPRETATION: The FFIT programme can help a large proportion of men to lose a clinically important amount of weight; it offers one effective strategy to challenge male obesity. FUNDING: Scottish Government and The UK Football Pools funded delivery of the programme through a grant to the Scottish Premier League Trust. The National Institute for Health Research Public Health Research Programme funded the assessment (09/3010/06).
Authors: Sherry L Pagoto; Kristin L Schneider; Jessica L Oleski; Juliana M Luciani; Jamie S Bodenlos; Matt C Whited Journal: Obesity (Silver Spring) Date: 2011-06-02 Impact factor: 5.002
Authors: Susan A Jebb; Amy L Ahern; Ashley D Olson; Louise M Aston; Christina Holzapfel; Julia Stoll; Ulrike Amann-Gassner; Annie E Simpson; Nicholas R Fuller; Suzanne Pearson; Namson S Lau; Adrian P Mander; Hans Hauner; Ian D Caterson Journal: Lancet Date: 2011-09-07 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Kate Hunt; Cindy M Gray; Alice Maclean; Susan Smillie; Christopher Bunn; Sally Wyke Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2014-01-21 Impact factor: 3.295
Authors: Jakob S Hansen; Xinjie Zhao; Martin Irmler; Xinyu Liu; Miriam Hoene; Mika Scheler; Yanjie Li; Johannes Beckers; Martin Hrabĕ de Angelis; Hans-Ulrich Häring; Bente K Pedersen; Rainer Lehmann; Guowang Xu; Peter Plomgaard; Cora Weigert Journal: Diabetologia Date: 2015-06-12 Impact factor: 10.122
Authors: Matt C Jackson; Shifan Dai; Renée A Skeete; Michelle Owens-Gary; Michael J Cannon; Bryce D Smith; Rajai Jabrah; Svetlana E Masalovich; Robin E Soler Journal: Diabetes Educ Date: 2020-10-16 Impact factor: 2.140
Authors: Clare Robertson; Alison Avenell; Fiona Stewart; Daryll Archibald; Flora Douglas; Pat Hoddinott; Edwin van Teijlingen; Dwayne Boyers Journal: Am J Mens Health Date: 2015-06-30