OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the leaflets of bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) experience increased strain when compared to tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) leaflets. BACKGROUND: The population at highest risk of aortic valve calcification (AVC) are individuals with BAVs. Currently, efforts to medically treat AVC are hampered by a limited understanding of the biomechanical forces involved in the molecular pathogenesis of AVC. METHODS: Surgically created BAVs and control TAVs were placed into a left heart simulator. Strains were calculated by comparing the distances between points on the aortic valve (AoV) leaflet during various time points during a simulated cardiac cycle. RESULTS: The fused leaflets of BAVs experience significantly more strain during systole when compared to TAVs. Specifically, BAVs experience 24% strain (P < .0001) in the radial direction, parallel to the direction of blood flow, as compared to TAVs. There was peak difference of 4% (P < .001) in the circumferential direction. DISCUSSION: Based upon the data presented here, we are in the process of identifying how increased strain activates calcification-associated pathways in AoV cells. Future studies will examine whether these stretch responsive pathways can be blocked to inhibit calcification of BAVs.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the leaflets of bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) experience increased strain when compared to tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) leaflets. BACKGROUND: The population at highest risk of aortic valve calcification (AVC) are individuals with BAVs. Currently, efforts to medically treat AVC are hampered by a limited understanding of the biomechanical forces involved in the molecular pathogenesis of AVC. METHODS: Surgically created BAVs and control TAVs were placed into a left heart simulator. Strains were calculated by comparing the distances between points on the aortic valve (AoV) leaflet during various time points during a simulated cardiac cycle. RESULTS: The fused leaflets of BAVs experience significantly more strain during systole when compared to TAVs. Specifically, BAVs experience 24% strain (P < .0001) in the radial direction, parallel to the direction of blood flow, as compared to TAVs. There was peak difference of 4% (P < .001) in the circumferential direction. DISCUSSION: Based upon the data presented here, we are in the process of identifying how increased strain activates calcification-associated pathways in AoV cells. Future studies will examine whether these stretch responsive pathways can be blocked to inhibit calcification of BAVs.
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Authors: Vishal Patel; Katrina Carrion; Andrew Hollands; Andrew Hinton; Thomas Gallegos; Jeffrey Dyo; Roman Sasik; Emma Leire; Gary Hardiman; Salah A Mohamed; Sanjay Nigam; Charles C King; Victor Nizet; Vishal Nigam Journal: FASEB J Date: 2015-01-28 Impact factor: 5.191
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Authors: Dewy C van der Valk; Casper F T van der Ven; Mark C Blaser; Joshua M Grolman; Pin-Jou Wu; Owen S Fenton; Lang H Lee; Mark W Tibbitt; Jason L Andresen; Jennifer R Wen; Anna H Ha; Fabrizio Buffolo; Alain van Mil; Carlijn V C Bouten; Simon C Body; David J Mooney; Joost P G Sluijter; Masanori Aikawa; Jesper Hjortnaes; Robert Langer; Elena Aikawa Journal: Nanomaterials (Basel) Date: 2018-05-03 Impact factor: 5.076