Insight into Vergence-Accommodation Mismatch.

Prolonged use of conventional stereo displays causes viewer discomfort and fatigue because of the vergence-accommodation conflict. We used a novel volumetric display to examine how viewing distance, the sign of the vergence-accommodation conflict, and the temporal properties of the conflict affect discomfort and fatigue. In the first experiment, we presented a fixed conflict at short, medium, and long viewing distances. We compared subjects' symptoms in that condition and one in which there was no conflict. We observed more discomfort and fatigue with a given vergence-accommodation conflict at the longer distances. The second experiment compared symptoms when the conflict had one sign compared to when it had the opposite sign at short, medium, and long distances. We observed greater symptoms with uncrossed disparities at long distances and with crossed disparities at short distances. The third experiment compared symptoms when the conflict changed rapidly as opposed to slowly. We observed more serious symptoms when the conflict changed rapidly. These findings help define comfortable viewing conditions for stereo displays.