Amitha Domalpally1, Ronald P Danis2, James White1, Ashwini Narkar1, Traci Clemons3, Fredrick Ferris4, Emily Chew4. 1. Fundus Photograph Reading Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin. 2. Fundus Photograph Reading Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin. Electronic address: rdanis@rc.ophth.wisc.edu. 3. EMMES Corporation, Rockville, Maryland. 4. Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Eye Institute/National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To develop a parameter that can assess the relative rate of progression of geographic atrophy (GA) based on the hypothesis that noncircular configuration of the atrophic lesion may be a risk factor for enlargement. DESIGN: Cohort study. PARTICIPANTS: Digitized color photographs of 593 eyes with GA from the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS). METHODS: A novel parameter called the "Geographic Atrophy Circularity Index" (GACI) was developed on the basis of area and perimeter measurements to categorize the irregularity of the shape of GA. The GACI ranges from 0.0 to 1.0 and is categorized into 3 groups: 0.25 (very irregular), 0.25 to <0.75 (partly irregular), and ≥ 0.75 (circular). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Growth rate of GA. RESULTS: The mean growth rate in the 3 categories was 0.40 (± 0.18), 0.36 (± 0.30), and 0.21 (± 0.22) mm/year, respectively (P < 0.001). By adjusting for known confounders, baseline area, duration of GA, and configuration, GACI categories were significantly associated with increased growth rate of GA (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The GACI was associated with the progression rate of GA and may be a useful measure for clinical trial eligibility. The association also suggests that enlargement of GA may be related to the extent of the junctional zone of damaged retinal pigment epithelium, which increases with noncircularity for a given GA area.
OBJECTIVE: To develop a parameter that can assess the relative rate of progression of geographic atrophy (GA) based on the hypothesis that noncircular configuration of the atrophic lesion may be a risk factor for enlargement. DESIGN: Cohort study. PARTICIPANTS: Digitized color photographs of 593 eyes with GA from the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS). METHODS: A novel parameter called the "Geographic Atrophy Circularity Index" (GACI) was developed on the basis of area and perimeter measurements to categorize the irregularity of the shape of GA. The GACI ranges from 0.0 to 1.0 and is categorized into 3 groups: 0.25 (very irregular), 0.25 to <0.75 (partly irregular), and ≥ 0.75 (circular). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Growth rate of GA. RESULTS: The mean growth rate in the 3 categories was 0.40 (± 0.18), 0.36 (± 0.30), and 0.21 (± 0.22) mm/year, respectively (P < 0.001). By adjusting for known confounders, baseline area, duration of GA, and configuration, GACI categories were significantly associated with increased growth rate of GA (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The GACI was associated with the progression rate of GA and may be a useful measure for clinical trial eligibility. The association also suggests that enlargement of GA may be related to the extent of the junctional zone of damaged retinal pigment epithelium, which increases with noncircularity for a given GA area.
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